Objective of the Study

8 left or lonely caused him to be unable to control his desire to hurt someone because his bad experiences had already affected his social life. Another related study is taken from an undergraduate thesis written by Agatha Maria W.S.P who summarized about mental illness and schizophrenia. Most times mental illness in general and schizophrenia in particular comes the public attention’s only when behaviours are bizarre or violent, but there is still a long way to go in helping educate families and remove the stigma. However people with such illness are still human. Palupi, 2004: 50 Agatha Maria tried to say that everybody has the same right to be treated as a human although that person has mental illness. She believed that there is still a way to help patients with mental illness or schizophrenia and that is why she tried to find a way to change people’s mind into thinking that mental illness is something that can be cured. In this novel, Kawashima is described as a sick, insecure, and violent person. Below is another study that is written by Irene Wanner, From here, the two limited-third-person points of view interweave, gaining speed as the narrative moves from one mind to the other, building tension. Kawashima -- paranoid, frightened and uncertain -- has met his match in the schizophrenic Chiaki, whom he later will see as a chronic suicide case. The two are a mismatch made in hell. As their bizarre encounter unfolds, Murakami keeps his readers pinned in the unpleasant present, where we cant help wanting to learn how the horrors of these terrible childhoods will play out in the sick games of deeply damaged adults http:www.sfgate.com20070401RVG3OOPB2O1.DTL. From the above quotation, Wanner wanted to share that actually the past life during childhood influences behavior and attitude of someone in adults’ life. The fear of being rejected had already tore up Kawashima’s confidence and figures of a happy family. Rejection and abuses caused Kawashima to be paranoid every 9 time he saw and believed that his girlfriend or his wife would leave or ignored him. Usually his paranoid would lead him into committing violence. The last literary study that supports this study is related to schizophrenia. Here, a schizophrenic patient wishes that everything must go the way she wants. Below is the appropriate evidence to introduce little about schizophrenia. Events and situations in someone’s life may affect one aspect or more in his life to change. The changes can positive, negative or even both. In Nash’s case, schizophrenia has the role in developing his character into better and worse. Somehow, the development is just a process he has to live with and it cannot always be the same as he wants it to be. Bhirowo, 2004: 57 Environment affects someone’s psychological stance and can build a positive or negative characteristics and behavior. Here, Bhirowo wanted to say that bad experiences that have happened will usually be easy to remember because it left trauma in people who faced it. Besides, bad experiences also contribute in shaping one’s character.

B. Review of Related Theories

This subchapter consists of some theories that will be applied in the analysis. They are theory of literature and theory of psychology that are discussed as follow.

1. Theory of Character

According to M.H. Abrams in A Glossary of Literary Terms, character can be identified and interpreted by the reader through the speech and action that is shown.