Then the teacher and students compare their different solution, ideas, and problems. It helps them to get an understanding of the topic.
After that, the teacher asks students to make a conclusion on a piece of paper and give them a chance to demonstrate it in the class, or
they can write on the board, or read the text that they have written, or play audio or videotapes they have made.
Finally, the teacher has to construct feedback because it is important to enhance
students’ motivation in the future. The teacher gives feedback on the language mistake is only one part of that process.
4. Advantages of Group Work
Actually group work has many advantages. According to Jacobs, advantages of group work are:
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1. The quantity of learners’ speech acts can increase
2. The variety of speech acts can increase
3. There can be more individualization of instruction
4. Anxiety can be reduce
5. Motivation can increase
6. Enjoyment can increase
7. Independence can increase
8. Social integration can increase
9. Students can learn how to work together with others
10. Learning can increase
From Jacobs ’s explanation, it can be seen that group work has some
advantages to increase students ’ speech acts, motivation, enjoyment,
independence, social interaction, and learning. Then it can reduce their anxiety.
39
Willy A. Renandya and George M. Jacobs, Learners and Language Learning, Singapore: SEAMEO, 1998, p. 172-175.
Meanwhile, McDonough stated that the advantages of group work; first, students get a little flexibility in observing of others and in working to an
externally imposed pace, and then the possibility of an individual’s learning
preference increase in small group and pair work.
40
It means that group work gives students flexibility to learn and to share ideas with their friends, and then
they will increase their learning process in a group work. Second, group can make the class more dynamic because there are a
number of different people to react to, to share ideas with and so on, and smaller scale interaction is more natural to exchange of information, however, the nature
of the task set determines the dynamic of class.
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On the other word, group consists of different people that may share the ideas and exchange the knowledge;
therefore it may cause the classroom become more dynamic. Third, different task can be assigned to different groups or pairs in order to
make environment of the whole class cohesively if these tasks can be fitted together in final discussion and teacher may have the flexibility to give activities
according to learners’ level.
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Thus, the teacher gives different task to different groups to adjust to learners’ ability and to make the class cohesively.
Then, each student has more chance to speak actively in using the language.
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It means that in using the language, students have same division to speak actively in group work and they may get confidence to speak the language
even they are not able to use it well. Next, group work can create a positive atmosphere or „effective climate’
and potentially influence environment of the classroom.
44
This statement means that environment of the classroom will change becoming an effective climate if
the teacher uses group work as a method of teaching in the classroom.
40
Jo McDonough and Christopher Shaw, Materials and Methods in ELT: Second Edition A Teacher’s Guide, Malden: Blackwell Publishing, 2003, p. 203.
41
Jo McDonough and Christopher Shaw, Materials and Methods in ELT……….., p. 203.
42
Jo McDonough and Christopher Shaw, Materials and Methods in ELT……….., p. 203.
43
Jo McDonough and Christopher Shaw, Materials and Methods in ELT……….., p. 203.
44
Jo McDonough and Christopher Shaw, Materials and Methods in ELT: Second Edition A Teacher’s Guide, Malden: Blackwell Publishing, 2003 , p. 203-204.
The last, there is some evidence that students like to work in smaller groupings.
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On the other word, there is some evidence that students feels enjoy and happy to work in a group, they may think that working with group gives the
freedom for them to reveal their opinion. From Mc
Donough’s explanation, the writer sums up that group work has many advantages. Those are students get the flexibility to share the ideas and to
exchange the information, and then the classroom may become more dynamic, next they may increase their spoken language actively, finally group work creates
an effective climate and cohesive whole class environment in the class room, therefore, students like to work in group.
For Harmer the advantages of group work; first, group work increases opportunity for individual students to talk.
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Thus, group work gives individual students chance to talk increasingly, and then it may give students enjoyable in
speaking. Second, group work consists of two or more students that have less
problematic in their personal relationships and also have a greater chance of different opinions and varied contributions.
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It means that group work has advantages to share different opinion one another without including students’
personal relationships and to give varied contributions. Then, group work encourages students to develop their skills of
cooperation and negotiation, and also more private than work in front of the whole class.
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On the other hand, students have to possess ability of cooperation and negotiation in learning. Thus, the teacher uses group work that may give them
more chance to cooperate and to negotiate with others. Next, students have autonomy and are allowed to make their own
decisions without teacher’s instruction.
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This statement means that the teacher
45
Jo McDonough and Christopher Shaw, Materials and Methods in ELT …………, p. 204.
46
Jeremy Harmer, The Practice of English Language Teaching 4
th
Edition, New York: Longman Publishing, 2009, p. 166
47
Jeremy Harmer, The Practice of English Language Teaching ……….…………., p. 166
48
Jeremy Harmer, The Practice of English Language Teaching ……………….…., p. 166
49
Jeremy Harmer, The Practice of English Language Teaching4
th
Edition, New York: Longman Publishing, 2009, p. 166
