Analysis of Affixation Process

31 143 Vacuum Vakum 144 Villa Vila 145 Vocal Vokal 146 Professional Profesional 147 Systematic Sistematis 148 Artistic Artistik 149 Objective Objektif 150 Operational Operasional Table 4.2: Incorporated loanwords After categorizing the loanwords into two types of loanwords, then the change of word formation from English loanwords into Bahasa Indonesia will be analyzed through morphemic analysis. Morphemic analysis is the analysis that explains the word formation whether it is derivational or inflectional. The analysis functions as the complement of lexical meaning which is possessed by a base form. The analysis will deals with affixation, reduplication, conversion, internal change, derivational, and inflectional. The analyses discuss the word formation of the English loanwords used in Bahasa Indonesia.

4.1.3. Analysis of Affixation Process

In its writing system, Bahasa Indonesia that borrows other words may get some addition such as affixation. This addition always occurs in Bahasa Indonesia and foreign language especially in English. This addition can be in front of word, in the middle or even in the back of word. How word formation of loanwords used in Bahasa Indonesia will be analyzed further in this thesis. 32 Based on the data that have been classified, 50 English words that get affixation adjustment when they are used in Bahasa Indonesia are analyzed below. No English Loanword Bahasa Indonesia Affixation Adjustment 1. Politic n Berpolitik v 2. Creation n Berkreasi v 3. Potency n Berpotensi v 4. Orientate v Berorientasi v 5. Music n Bermusik v 6. Carrier n Berkarir v 7. Quality n Berkualitas v 8. Operate v Beroperasi v 9. Status n Berstatus v 10. Duel n Berduel v 11. Motive n Bermotif v 12. Evolution n Berevolusi v 13. Communicate v Berkomunikasi v 14. Action n Beraksi v 15. Subsidy n Bersubsidi v 16. Initiative n Berinisiatif v 17. Comment n Berkomentar v 18. Access n Mengakses v 19. Express v Mengekspresikan v 20. Process n Memproses v 33 21. Audit n Mengaudit v 22. Detect v Mendeteksi v 23. Optimal n Mengoptimalkan v 24. Describe v Mendeskripsikan v 25. Appreciate v Mengapresiasi v 26. Inspire v Menginspirasi v 27. Import n Mengimpor v 28. Protest n Memprotes v 29. Recruit v Merekrut v 30. Target v Menargetkan v 31. Respond v Merespon v 32. Neutralize v Menetralkan v 33. Predict v Memprediksi v 34. Analyze v Menganalisis v 35. Adapt v Mengadaptasi v 36. Claim v Mengklaim v 37. Adopt v Mengadopsi v 38. Clarify v Mengklarifikasi v 39. Transfer v Mentransfer v 40. Comment n Mengomentari v 41. Criticize v Mengkritik v 42. Sponsor n Mensponsori v 43. Revise v Merevisi v 44. Manipulate v Memanipulasi v 34 45. Maximize v Memaksimalkan v 46. Export n Mengekspor v 47. Activate v Mengaktifkan v 48. Control n Mengontrol v 49. Monitor v Memonitor v 50. Evacuate v Mengevakuasi v Table 4.3: Bahasa Indonesia Affixation Adjustment of loanwords 1. Berpolitik The word “berpolitik” is formed by adding prefix “ber-” + noun base form “politik”. The noun base form “politik” is borrowed from English noun word “politics”. The word “ber + politik” here is a verb. 2. Berkresi The word “berkreasi” is formed by adding prefix “ber-” + noun base form “kreasi”. The noun base form “kreasi” is borrowed from English noun word “creation”. The word “ber + kreasi” here is a verb. 3. Berpotensi The word “berpotensi” is formed by adding prefix “ber-” + noun base form “potensi”. The noun base form “potensi” is borrowed from English noun word “potency”. The word “ber + potensi” here is a verb. 4. Berorientasi The word “berorientasi” is formed by adding prefix “ber-” + noun base form “orientasi”. The noun base form “orientasi” is borrowed from English verb word “orientate”. The word “ber + orientasi” here is a verb. 35 5. Bermusik The word “bermusik” is formed by adding prefix “ber-” + noun base form “musik”. The noun base form “music” is borrowed from English noun word “music”. The word “ber + musik” here is a verb. 6. Berkarir The word “berkarir” formed by adding prefix “ber-” + noun base form “karir”. The noun base form “karir” is borrowed from English noun word “carrier”. The word “ber + karir” here is a verb. 7. Berkualitas The word “berkualitas” is formed by adding prefix “ber-” + noun base form “kualitas”. The noun base form “kualitas” is borrowed from English noun word “quality”. The word “ber + kualitas” here is a verb. 8. Beroperasi The word “beroperasi” is formed by adding prefix “ber-” + noun base form “operasi”. The noun base form “operasi” is borrowed from English verb word “operate”. The word “ber + operasi” here is a verb. 9. Berstatus The word “berstatus” is formed by adding prefix “ber-” + noun base form “status”. The noun base form “status” is borrowed from English noun word “status”. The word “ber + status” here is verb. 10. Berduel The word “berduel” is formed by adding prefix “ber-” + noun base form “duel”. The noun base form “duel” is borrowed from English noun word “duel”. The word “ber + duel” here is a verb. 36 11. Bermotif The word “bermotif” is formed by adding prefix “ber-” + noun base form “motif”. The noun base form “motif” is borrowed from English noun word “motive”. The word “ber + motif” here is a verb. 12. Berevolusi The word “berevolusi” is formed by adding prefix “ber-” + noun base form “evolusi”. The noun base form “evolusi” is borrowed from English noun word “evolution”. The word “ber + evolusi” here is a verb. 13. Berkomunikasi The word “berkomunikasi” is formed by adding prefix “ber-” + noun base form “komunikasi”. The noun base form “komunikasi” is borrowed from English verb word “communicate”. The word “ber + komunikasi” here is a verb. 14. Beraksi The word “beraksi” is formed by adding prefix “ber-” + noun base form “aksi”. The noun base form “aksi” is borrowed from English noun word “action”. The word “ber + aksi” here is a verb. 15. Bersubsidi The word “bersubsidi” is formed by adding prefix “ber-” + noun base form “subsidi”. The noun base form “subsidi” is borrowed from English noun word “subsidy”. The word “ber + subsidi” here is a verb. 16. Berinisiatif The word “berinisiatif” is formed by adding prefix “ber-” + noun base form “inisiatif”. The word “inisiatif” is borrowed from English noun word “initiative”. The word “ber + inisiatif” here is a verb. 37 17. Berkomentar The word “berkomentar” is formed by adding prefix “ber-” + noun form “komentar”. The noun form “komentar” is borrowed from English noun word “comment”. The word “ber + komentar” here is a verb. 18. Mengakses The word “mengakses” is formed by adding prefix “me-” which is followed by phoneme a becoming “meng-” + noun base form “akses”. The noun base form “akses” is borrowed from English noun word “access”. The word “meng + akses” here is a verb. 19. Mengekspresikan The word “mengekspresikan” is formed by adding prefix “me-” which is followed by phoneme e becoming “meng-” + noun base form “ekspresi” + a suffix “-kan”. The word “mengekspresikan” is borrowed from English verb word “express”. The word “meng + ekspresi + kan” here is a verb. 20. Memproses The word “memproses” is formed by adding prefix “me-” which is followed by phoneme p becoming “mem-” + noun base form “proses”. The noun base form “proses” is borrowed from English noun word “process”. The word “mem + proses” here is a verb. 21. Mengaudit The word “mengaudit” is formed by adding prefix “me-” which is followed by phoneme a becoming “mem-” + noun base form “audit”. The noun base form “audit” is borrowed from English noun word “audit”. The word “meng + audit” here is a verb. 38 22. Mendeteksi The word “mendeteksi” is formed by adding prefix “me-” which is followed by phoneme d becoming “men-” + noun base form “deteksi”. The word “mendeteksi” is borrowed from English verb word “detect”. The word “men + deteksi” here is a verb. 23. Mengoptimalkan The word “mengoptimalkan” is formed by adding prefix “me-” which is followed by phoneme o becoming “meng-” + noun base form “optimal” + suffix “-kan”. The word “mengoptimalkan” is borrowed from English noun word “optimal”. The word “meng + optimal + kan” here is a verb. 24. Mendeskripsikan The word “mendeskripsikan” is formed by adding prefix “me-” which is followed by phoneme d becoming “men-” + noun base form “deskripsi” + suffix “-kan”. The word “mendeskripsikan” is borrowed from English verb word “describe”. The word “men + deskripsi + kan” here is a verb. 25. Mengapresiasi The word “mengapresiasi” is formed by adding prefix “me-” which is followed by phoneme a becoming “meng-” + noun base form “apresiasi”. The word “mengapresiasi” is borrowed from English verb word “appreciate”. The word “meng + apresiasi” here is a verb. 26. Menginspirasi The word “menginspirasi” is formed by adding prefix “me-” which is followed by phoneme i becoming “meng-” + noun base form 39 “inspirasi”. The word “menginspirasi” is borrowed from English verb word “inspire”. The word “meng + inspirasi” here is a verb. 27. Mengimpor The word “mengimpor” is formed by adding prefix “me-” which is followed by phoneme i becoming “meng-” + noun base form “impor”. The noun base form “impor” is borrowed from English noun word “import”. The word “meng + impor” here is a verb. 28. Memprotes The word “memprotes” is formed by adding prefix “mem-” + noun base form “protes”. The word “memprotes” is borrowed from English noun word “protest”. The word “mem + protes” here is a verb. 29. Merekrut The word “merekrut” is formed by adding prefix “me-” + noun base form “rekrut”. The word “merekrut” is borrowed from English verb word “recruit”. The word “me + rekrut” here is a verb. 30. Menargetkan The word “menargetkan” is formed by adding prefix “me-” which is followed by phoneme t becoming “men-” + noun base form “target” + suffix “-kan”. The noun base form “target” is borrowed from English verb word “target”. The word “me + nargetkan” here is a verb. 31. Merespon The word “merespon” is formed by adding prefix “me-” + noun base form “respon”. The word “merespon” is borrowed from English verb word “respond”. The word “me + respon” here is a verb. 40 32. Menetralkan The word “menetralkan” is formed by adding prefix “me-” + noun base form “netral” + suffix “-kan”. The word “menetralkan” is borrowed from English verb word “neutralize”. The word “me + netral + kan” here is a verb. 33. Memprediksi The word “memprediksi” is formed by adding prefix “me-” which is followed by phoneme p becoming “mem-” + noun base form “prediksi”. The word “memprediksi” is borrowed from English verb word “predict”. The word “mem + prediksi” here is a verb. 34. Menganalisis The word “menganalisis” is formed by adding prefix “me-” which is followed by phoneme a becoming “meng-” + noun base form “analisis”. The word “menganalisis” is borrowed from English verb word “analyze”. The word “meng + analisis” here is a verb. 35. Mengadaptasi The word “mengadaptasi” is formed by adding prefix “me-” which is followed by phoneme a becoming “meng-” + noun base form “adaptasi”. The word “mengadaptasi” is borrowed from English word “adapt”. The word “meng + adaptasi” here is a verb. 36. Mengklaim The word “mengklaim” is formed by adding prefix “me-” which is followed by phoneme k becoming “meng-” + noun base form “klaim”. The noun base form “klaim” is borrowed from English verb word “claim”. The word “meng + klaim” here is a verb. 41 37. Mengadopsi The word “mengadopsi” is formed by adding prefix “me-” which is followed by phoneme a becoming “meng-” + noun base form “adopsi”. The word “mengadopsi” is borrowed from English verb word “adopt”. The word “meng + adopsi” here is a verb. 38. Mengklarifikasi The word “mengklarifikasi” is formed by adding prefix “me-” which is followed by phoneme k becoming “meng-” + noun base form “klarifikasi”. The word “mengklarifikasi” is borrowed from English verb word “clarify”. The word “meng + klarifikasi” here is a verb. 39. Mentransfer The word “mentransfer” is formed by adding prefix “me-” which is followed by phoneme t becoming “men-” + noun base form “transfer”. The word “mentransfer” is borrowed from English verb word “transfer”. The word “men + transfer” here is a verb. 40. Mengomentari The word “mengomentari” is formed by adding prefix “me-” which is followed by phoneme k becoming “meng-” + noun form “komentar” + suffix “i”. The noun form “komentar” is borrowed from English noun word “comment”. The word “me + ngomentar + i” here is a verb. 41. Mengkritik The word “mengkritik” is formed by adding prefix “me-” which is followed by phoneme k becoming “meng-” + noun base form “kritik”. The word “mengkritik” is borrowed from English verb word “criticize”. The word “meng + kritik” here is a verb. 42 42. Mensponsori The word “mensponsori” is formed by adding prefix “me-” which is followed by phoneme s becoming “men-” + noun base form “sponsor” + suffix “i”. The noun base form “sponsor” is borrowed from English noun word “sponsor”. The word “men +sponsor + i” here is a verb. 43. Merevisi The word “merevisi” is formed by adding prefix “me-” + noun base form “revisi”. The word “merevisi” is borrowed from English verb word “revise”. The word “me + revisi” here is a verb. 44. Memanipulasi The word “memanipulasi” is formed by adding prefix “me-” + noun base form “manipulasi”. The word “memanipulasi” is borrowed from English verb word “manipulate”. The word “me + manipulasi” here is a verb. 45. Memaksimalkan The word “memaksimalkan” is formed by adding prefix “me-” + noun base form “maksimal” + suffix “-kan”. The word “memaksimalkan” is borrowed from English verb word “maximize”. The word “me + maksimal + kan” here is a verb. 46. Mengekspor The word “mengekspor” is formed by adding prefix “me-” which is followed by phoneme e becoming “meng-” + noun base form “ekspor”. The noun base form “ekspor” is borrowed from English noun word “export”. The word “meng + ekspor” here is a verb. 43 47. Mengaktifkan The word “mengaktifkan” is formed by adding prefix “me-” which is followed by phoneme a becoming “meng-” + noun base form “aktif” + suffix “-kan”. The word “mengaktifkan” is borrowed from English verb word “activate”. The word “meng + aktif + kan” here is a verb. 48. Mengontrol The word “mengontrol” is formed by adding prefix “me-” which is followed by phoneme k becoming “meng-” + noun base form “kontrol”. The noun base form “kontrol” is borrowed from English noun word “control”. The word “me + ngontrol” here is a verb. 49. Memonitor The word “memonitor” is formed by adding prefix “me-” + noun base form “monitor”. The noun base form “monitor” is borrowed from English verb word “monitor”. The word “me + monitor” here is a verb. 50. Mengevakuasi The word “mengevakuasi” is formed by adding prefix “me-” which is followed by phoneme e changing into “meng-” + noun base form “evakuasi”. The word “mengevakuasi” is taken from English word “evacuate”. The word “meng + evakuasi” here is a verb.

4.1.4. Analysis of Internal Change Process