38 is shown in Table 3.1. Meanwhile, the completed data analysis was presented in
Appendix A. Furthermore, the selected utterances from the table were analyzed to answer the first research question by using Brown and Levinson 1987 politeness
strategies theory.
Table 3.1 The Categorization of Politeness Strategies Used by Ellen and U.S. Politicians in
The Ellen Show
Speakers Utterances
Politeness Strategies
Ellen Mr. President, it has been
awhile since we‘ve spoken. You look great.
How are you? PP
Barack Obama Ellen dog bowls are
somewhere. I‘m sorry, but…
NP
Hillary Clinton Don‘t let all the
wonderful, beautiful young women who are
here, don‘t get discouraged. Don‘t give
in, don‘t give up. Don‘t quit on yourself, on your
dreams, on your future. BoR
… …
…
At last, the writer identified the utterances which carried politeness strategies that were
described in the first research question‘s discussion to find out what factors that influence the speakers to use certain politeness strategy. Thus,
the writer also used Brown and Levinson 1987 politeness theory to find out what factors that influence the speakers to use certain politeness strategies.
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CHAPTER IV RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
This chapter presents the results and discussions to answer the research questions which were formulated in the first chapter. The first research question
discusses the politeness strategies used by Ellen and the politicians in
The Ellen Show
. The second research question discusses the factors that influence Ellen and U.S. politicians in using politeness strategies in the talk show.
A. The Politeness Strategies Used by Ellen and the U.S. Politicians in
The Ellen Show
This section elaborated the results of the analysis of the utterances which were spoken by Ellen and U.S. politicians in
The Ellen Show
. Ellen was the host of the talk show while the U.S. politicians were the guest stars of the talk show.
The selected U.S. politicians were Barack Obama and Hillary Clinton. There are four main parts of politeness strategies that are stated by Brown
and Levinson 1987, namely bald on record, positive politeness, negative politeness, and off record. The four parts of politeness strategies were applied by
Ellen and Hillary Clinton. Meanwhile, Obama only used bald on record, positive politeness, and negative politeness strategies in his utterances. The politeness
strategies used by the speakers were listed in Table 4.1. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
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Table 4.1 Politeness Strategies Found in
The Ellen Show
Speaker Politeness Strategy
Positive Politeness
Negative Politeness
Bald on Record
Off Record Ellen
18 5
12 2
Barack Obama 14
1 1
- Hillary Clinton
6 2
2 2
Total 38
8 15
4
The analysis of the politeness strategies used by the three speakers was elaborated in the following discussion based on the most frequent strategy until
the infrequent one.
1. Positive Politeness Strategies Found in
The Ellen Show
The function of positive politeness is to redress the addressee‘s positive
face. Positive politeness has the basis to fulfill hearer‘s positive face by satisfying their desire. It refers to the speaker‘s action to minimize the distance with the
hearer by using the intimate language. The speaker makes the hearer feel being accepted, respected, and wanted.
The three speakers in
The Ellen Show
applied the positive politeness while doing the conversation. The positive politeness strategy was shown through three
mechanisms, namely claiming common ground, conveying that speaker and hearer are cooperators, and fulfilling hearer‘s want. From the data, the writer
found out that the most frequent and apparent positive politeness strategies that were used by Ellen and the U.S. politicians were the sub-strategies of
exaggerating interest, intensifying interest to hearer, using joke, giving offer and promise, and giving gifts to the hearer.
