Description of the issue

30 © ISO 2007 - all rights reserved

6.5.2.3 Polluter pays principle 70

1394 An organization should bear the cost of pollution prevention according to the extent of either the damage 1395 done to society by pollution or the degree to which the pollution exceeds an acceptable level standard. 1396 [This serves to promote the internalization of environmental costs.] 1397

6.5.2.4 Use of environmentally sound technologies 68

1398 A responsible organization should promote the development and diffusion of environmentally sound 1399 technologies. Environmentally sound technologies are those that “…protect the environment, are less 1400 polluting, use all resources in a more sustainable manner, recycle more of their wastes and products, and 1401 handle residual wastes in a more acceptable manner than the technologies for which they were substitutes 1402

3. 1403

6.5.3 Strategy, policy and tools]

1404 1405 Drafters note: Should the following be retained, deleted or moved to Clause 7? 1406 [In its effort to integrate environmental care into its operations, every organization can introduce a variety of 1407 environmental strategies and approaches. Creation of an environmental strategy and policy is a starting 1408 point for integrating consideration and management of environmental aspects into operations. 1409 Tools to provide for systematic attention and the achievement of policy and objectives include 1410 environmental management systems and environmental auditingassessments. These help control and 1411 improve the environmental performance in line with an organization’s environmental policy. 1412 Additional tools – such as life cycle assessment, total cost assessment, environmental impact assessment 1413 – can help all organizations with decision making on environmental management issues.] 1414 Drafters note: Some members of the drafting teams supported an alternative structure for the 1415 environmental issues: 1416 [Environmental issue 1: Promoting Sustainable Consumption and Production 1417 Environmental issue 2: Valuing Ecosystem Services 1418 Environmental issue 3: Combating Climate Change 1419 Environmental issue 4: Promoting Responsible Chemicals Management] 1420 6.5.4 Environmental issue 1: [Identifying and managing] Environmental aspects of activities, 1421 products and services 1422

6.5.4.1 Description of the issue

1423 Every organization has an effect on the environment. These effects include air and water pollution, 1424 generation and disposal of waste and the use and disposal of toxic and hazardous substances. An 1425 organization should identify and manage, as relevant, the environmental aspects of its activities, products 1426 and services. 1427 a Emissions to air and water 1428 Editing Committee note: Drafters to add description. 1429 © ISO 2007 - all rights reserved 31 b Waste 1430 An organization should minimize the generation of waste. This requires an understanding of the 1431 organizations wastes and emissions, and the implementation of plans for reduction based on assessment 1432 of risk and community needs. It is important to consider the waste reduction hierarchy, not just waste 1433 treatment. [The waste hierarchy is: i source reduction, ii reuse, iii recycle, iv waste treatment and v 1434 waste disposal.] 1435 c Toxic and hazardous substances 1436 Chemicals are found everywhere and affect our quality of life. Large quantities of toxic and hazardous 1437 materials are produced andor released to the environment from use in manufacturing, energy generation, 1438 agriculture, commerce and households. In nature and through all ecosystems, these substances can affect 1439 plant and animal development and growth. They can cause reproductive changes, birth defects, 1440 behavioural changes and death. Some are suspected or known to cause adverse effects on human health, 1441 such as cancer or endocrine disruption. 1442 [Adopted by the International Conference on Chemicals Management ICCM on 6 February 2006 in Dubai, 1443 United Arab Emirates, the Strategic Approach to International Chemicals Management SAICM is a policy 1444 framework for international action on chemical hazards. SAICM was developed by a multi-stakeholder and 1445 multi-sectoral Preparatory Committee .The Strategic Approach supports the achievement of the goal 1446 agreed at the 2002 Johannesburg World Summit on Sustainable Development WSSD of ensuring that, by 1447 the year 2020, chemicals are produced and used in ways that minimize significant adverse impacts on the 1448 environment and human health.] 1449 Drafters note: Should the following table be retained with explanation or deleted? 1450 [Chemicals in daily life] 1451 Exposure Path Source Food Fertilizers, pesticides, packaging, and food additives Clothing Synthetic fibres, dyestuffs, textile auxiliaries Health Pharmaceuticals, disinfectants Hygiene Soaps, detergents, cosmetics, insecticides Shelter Building and finishing materials Energy Fuel, chemicals, water, recreation 1452

6.5.4.2 Related actions andor expectations 1453