5 3. Find out the differences in the English writing ability between the students
taught using picture series and those taught without using picture series.
F. The Significance of the Study
The result of this research are hoped to be useful for: 1.
The English teachers, the result can give contribution for improving knowledge for the English teachers to improve the students’ writing
ability using different ways. 2.
The students, the result of the research will encourage them to write
appropriate texts and also motivate them in writing English.
3.
Other researchers who are interested in conducting studies with the similar topic, the result of this research is useful for giving information
about picture series in teaching English.
6
CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW AND CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
A. Literature Review
1. The Nature of Writing
a. Definitions of Writing
Learning English is needed by the students in junior high school. Writing is the important aspect in learning a foreign language. Harmer 2001: 250 states
that writing is one of the productive skills which are closely bound up with the receptive skill work. Students will improve much if they learn more words and
expressions. Richards and Renandya 2002: 203 argues that writing is the most difficult skill in learning foreign language. Richards and Renandya 2002: 316
also state that there are three stages in writing process. 1. Planning, this stage encourages students to write. 2. Drafting, this stage focuses on the fluency of
writing and is not pre occupied with grammatical accuracy of the draft. 3.
Revising, this stage encourages the students to revise through collaborative
writing. Nunan 2002 founds that writing can be defined by series of contrast: 1.
It is a both a physical and mental etc. Basically, writing is the physical act of committing words or ideas to some medium, whether it is hieroglyphics
inked onto parchment or an E-mail message typed into a computer. Whereas, writing is the mental work of inventing ideas, thinking about how to express
