24 their own. Teacher only give some important rules which are usually become
unclear directions. Teachers do not big have enough time to guide them well, especially when the class consists of big number of students.
From the statements above the writer could conclude that the teacher could ask the students about the difficulties in writing using picture series. Then the
teacher would give some feedbacks. The teacher could give them the task about picture series and then the students had to tell their writing to another student. The
teacher also had to give the enough time to explain about the material using picture series so that the students could clear enough about the material.
e. Using Textbooks in Writing Activities
Textbooks are usually used in schools when learning. They are books that have been published to cover the syllabus that a student is supposed to learn in
one grade. Each grade will use different text books. The one benefit of using textbooks is that they provide information. The
teacher is a reliable source of information, but textbooks can be used to provide more. This is because teachers do not always mention everything, maybe due to
the limitation in duration of the lessons. Textbooks will also help students in noting and highlighting the key points.
They can also add guides for easy understanding of sentences. If they note the key words, it makes it easier to remember even during examinations.
Textbooks are also used for future reference. Students will always forget what
25 they have been taught by the teacher. They therefore need such books to keep
referring to, in order to refresh their memory. Textbooks are also a reliable source of information because they may contain term papers and thesis. They may come
with instruction and guide the student on the kind of question that they are likely to encounter during examinations.
These books will also enable instructors and teachers to get more organized in their class lessons. Since these books are divided in chapters, teachers find them
reliable by following them as they are in teaching. This will help when there is need to give tests to students. The teacher will also know on the topics that
students find difficulty in understanding and the ones they have already understood
Referring to textbooks will therefore enable students to point out to topics that they need more elaboration on. Referring will also mean that students who have
failed exams can use them to find correct answers to questions because the teacher cannot repeat classes for a number of students Richards 2012.
B. Relevant Studies
The use of picture and picture series in teaching and learning process, includes in teaching writing is indeed not relatively new. There are some results of relevant
studies on the use of picture and picture series. The study about using picture in teaching writing has been done before by
Septyan Angga Saputra 2010. He states that using pictures to teach writing can
26 help students to improve their writing skill. Pictures are good media to stimulate
the communication activities. By using pictures the teacher can conduct many communication activities.
He also states that there is a significant difference between students’ writing skills who taught using picture series and those who are
not. It is proved by the result of ANCOVA which significant value of 0.000 is less than the significance level of 0.05, which means that the data of this study are
considered to have a significant difference. The others study about picture series has been done by Siti Nurjanah 2012.
She states that she used picture series in teaching writing. The students’ score increased in each cycle.
She also states that she can encourage students to utilize the vocabulary and expression they had learned from picture series in their
production of English. The study about using picture in teaching writing has been done by Rini
Yudiati 2011. She states that she taught writing by using picture. The students
can develop their imagination by the pictures. They will be able to create descriptive paragraphs that are meaningful.
C. Conceptual Framework
Teaching writing, in principle, is not only forming students’ techniques in the terms of pre-writing, drafting, and revising stages, but also striving to offer
techniques that are as interactive as possible.
