CHAPTER II THEORITICAL FRAMEWORK
2.1 Definitions of Translation
There are a lot of definitions of translation by experts would be explained here.
Newmark 1981: 7 states, “Translation is a craft consisting in the attempt to replace a written message andor statement in one language by the same message
andor statement in another language” Catford 1965: 1 defines translation as “Translation is the replacement of
textual material in one language SL by equivalent textual material in another language TL. It’s explain that translation is not only about transferring the matter
but also should concern in equivalences. Larson 1984: 10 states “Translation consists of studying the lexicon,
grammatical structure, communication situation and cultural context of the source language, analyzing it in order to determine its meaning, then reconstructing the same
meaning using the lexicon and grammatical structure which appropriate in the receptor language and its cultural context”.
Nida and Taber 1974: 12 state “Translating consists of reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source language message, first
in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style”. Kridalaksana 1985 in Nababan 1999: 19 , “Penerjemahan sebagai
pemindahan suatu amanat dari bahasa sumber ke dalam bahasa sasaran dengan pertama-tama mengungkapkan maknanya dan kemudian gaya bahasanya”.
Simatupang 2000: 2 says that the translation is transferring the meaning is source language to target language and restructuring the meaning into target language
as natural as possible according to valid rules of target language. So the thing that transferred is meaning not the structure. It’s the reason how the translation of “don’t
mention it” as the answer of thank you in English is translated into “terima kasih kembali”, because of the meaning its self not the structure.
The natural aspect from the source language should be concerned by the translator. Translator should translate the text naturally, so the translation will give the
sense of original for the reader.
2.2 Function of Translation
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