2.
Cultural borrowing method
This method is particularly to transfer a ST expression faithfully into the TT. Usually, this method is used when it shows impossibility to find a suitable TT
expression for translating the original term. Some culturally-loaded terms are borrowed and sometimes are naturalized or transliterated.
Code ST
Code TT
Translation Method
ST 13140
“... Now, after a Kwikspell
course, I am the center of
attention at parties and friends beg for
the recipe of my Scintillation
Solution ST
13159 “... Sekarang, setelah
ikut kursus Mantrakilat
, aku jadi pusat perhatian di pesta-
pesta dan teman- temanku meminta resep
Cairan Cemerlang-
ku” Cultural
borrowing
Kwikspell is a correspondence course in beginners magic run by the Kwikspell Company. The course is designed to help adult witches and wizards
brush up on their magical skills. Kwikspell came from the words quick and spell, and translated into mantrakilat. From the original words, the meaning is the same.
The translation is faithfully translated from the source text and did not change the meaning.Therefore, the translation is acceptable.
Code ST
Code TT
Translation Method
ST 15174
No, its not, said Hermione. All wed
need would be some Polyjuice Potion
. ST
15198 “Tidak, itu bukan tidak
mungkin,” kata Hermione. “Yang kita
perlukan hanyalah Ramuan Polijus
.” Cultural
borrowing
Polyjuice Potion is a very complicated potion that allows the drinker to assume the form of someone else. The translation of it became Ramuan Polijus in
the pure translation, and can be said that the term of Polijuice Potion is neutralized. The pronounciaton of the Polijuice itself became the basic translation.
Another consideration is the sound is matched with Indonesian pronounciation of the word Polyjuice.
3. Calque method
Calque method is not used to translate word but sentence or phrase. Also used to translate idiomatic expression from ST to TT. In essence, calque is a from
or literal translation. Sometimes calque shows a sign of a certain degree of exoticism, bringing into the cultural foreignness and strangeness of the source
cultures.
Code ST
Code TT
Translation Method
ST 4218
Its either foxes or a Blood-Suckin
Bugbear , an I need
the Headmasters permission ter put a
charm around the hen coop.
ST 4250
“Kalau bukan rubah, tentu momok
penghisap darah , dan
aku perlu izin Kepala Sekolah untuk bikin
pagar sihir sekeliling kandang ayam.”
Calque
One characteristic of calque, sound strange or weird, is appear the phrase blood-sucking bugbear. Bugbear means a thing that annoying people and that they
worry about, translated into momok in Indonesian version. Try to imagine the image of blood-sucking bugbear is not easy since in Indonesian culture there is no
such a creature like that. The strangeness is in both ST and TT, because the
translator translated it as same as the original text faithful translation. In other hand, the translator translated it that way to make the translation more interesting
for the readers.
Code ST
Code TT
Translation Method
ST 2467
... they met Fred, George, and Lee
Jordan, who were stocking up on Dr.
Filibusters Fabulous Wet-Start,
No-Heat Fireworks
, ...
ST 2476
“... mereka bertemu Fred, George, dan Lee
Jordan, yang sedang membeli „Kembang
Api Awal-Basah, Tanpa Panas Dr
Filibuster’, ....” Calque
In this part, there is something different with the other. There is an omition of a word fabulous in the Indonesian version. The word fabulous is actually used
to describe that Dr. Filibuster Wet-Start, No- Heat Fireworks‟ is fantastis or great.
Because the omition the word fabulous, the translation became so plain. In the story, Hogwarts-trouble-maker trio Fred George and Lee Jordan like to make
people wowing them, shake head because of their jokes, creativity, or even their mischievousness. Somehow, the omition make TT became an incomplete
sentence, a bit weird. This can be called as faithful translation. Code
ST Code
TT
ST 336 Load of dung - Dad
reckons he was right in You-Know-Whos inner
circle. ST 341
Omong kosong
– Dad berpendapat dia orang
dekat Kau-Tahu-Siapa.
According to Oxford dictionary, the word dung means solid waste from animals, especially from large ones
. “Load of Dung‟ can be translated into stack of dirt
which means something that do not matter, something useless, a non-sense. In Indonesia version it is
translated as „omong kosong‟ which means talk about something non-sense, talk about something unimportant. Basically they have a
same idea, that is unimportant matter. Therefore, the use of words „omong
kosong‟ is acceptable to translate the idiom „Load of dung‟ because they have the same effect on the reader, even though
the literal meaning is not the same. That‟s how the idiom worked.
Code ST
Code TT
ST 17176
...so far, Harry had been forced to play a simple
Transylvanian villager whom Lockhart had cured
of a Babbling Curse,... ST 17200 ... sejauh ini Harry sudah
dipaksa berperan sebagai penduduk desa
Transylvania sederhana yang disembuhkan
Lockhart dari Kutukan Gagap
...
Babble means sounds of many people speaking at the same time, or talking that is confused or silly and is difficult to understand. In Indonesia it usually
called as mengoceh . Different with „gagap‟ or in English it called stutter or
stammer, means to have difficultiy speaking because you cannot stop yourself from repeating the first sound of some words several times.
There is a big differences here. The word babble cannot be translated into gagap, because gagap
is more like someone‟s disability in speaking, while babble is unclear sound produced by several people talk in the same time.
The translation of the ST is not correct because it changed the idea. Eventhough, when it seen from the side of the story, the translation is still acceptable because it
seems that Lockhart had cured a disease, and gagap is a kind of disease too.
4. Communicative method
Communicative method is emphasized on the message meaning. The form is structured in such a way that it was acceptable to the TT readers. This method is
oftenly used to translate difficult words or phrases to avoid readers‟ confusion.
Code ST
Code TT
Translation Method
ST 8208
Behind him walked a Slytherin girl who
reminded Harry of a picture hed seen in
Holidays with Hags ST
20238 Dibelakangnya berjalan
seorang anak perempuan Slytherin yang
mengingatkan Harry pada foto hantu
perempuan tua jelek sekali
yang dilihatnya dalam buku Heboh
dengan Hantu. Communi-
cative
Communicative method usually comes along with additional explanation or information to make the translation acceptable for the readers. Additional
information also used for emphasizing the meaning of the original text ST. This is one example of communicative translation with additional note. Not many
people know about what hags is. Based on dictionary, hags is an ugly andor unpleasant old woman. In Indonesian culture people is reffering to a figure of
Nenek Lampir. To relate it to the story, the translator made the figure of hags become a ghost of ugly old woman. As the reader knew that in every home-room
in Hogwarts there are many paintings of the anhestors, former headmasters, famous people, etc and most of the people in the paintings are dead. That is why
hags there associated with ghost. The additional note, make the figure of hags more imaginable.
Code ST
Code TT
Translation Method
ST 5335
“... He persuaded Dippet to keep
Hagrid and train him as gamekeeper
. ...” ST
59387 “... Dia membujuk
Dippet untuk mempertahankan Hagrid
dan melatihnya menjadi pengawas binatang
liar
. ...” Communi-
cative
First thing comes in mind when thinking about gamekeeper, it must be like a refree in a game. However, the actual meaning of gamekeeper is the person
whose job is to take care of and breed wild animals and birds that are kept on private land in order to be hunted. Thus, the actual meaning has nothing to do
with any kind of game. Actually a game keeper is like a animal-keeper in the zoo. In the book, Hagrid is the gamekeeper. He had responsibility to take care and
protect all creature and plant in Hogwarts area. The Indonesian version, it is translated into pengawas binatang liar. The translation is completely acceptable,
because it has been adapted to the character of Hagrid based on the story. Communicative method was
very usefull to avoid readers‟ misunderstanding and confusion.
Code ST
Code TT
ST 227 We have received
intelligence that a Hover Charm
was used at your place of residence this
evening at twelve minutes past nine.
ST 231 Kami baru saja menerima
laporan mata-mata bahwa Mantra Melayang
baru saja digunakan di tempat tinggal
Anda malam ini pada pukul sembilan lewat dua belas
menit.