The Definition of Jigsaw

D. Conceptual Framework

In junior high school, English becomes one of compulsory subjects. One of the language skills that must be mastered by foreign language learners is speaking or communicating ability used the target language. The KTSP curriculum states that one of the English learning objectives in junior high school is developing the ability to communicate in English, either in written or oral form which covers listening, speaking, reading and writing. Based on the observation in SMP N 1 Moyudan, the fact showed that students’ speaking ability was still low. Here, the students are not given sufficient opportunity to develop and practice the speaking skill. Most of the students were shy and reluctant. The fact showed that students’ speaking ability was still low. Here, the students are not given sufficient opportunity to develop and practice the speaking skill. Moreover, the activities during the English lesson seem to be boring and less interactive. Therefore, it makes the students less active during the lesson. There are only some students who are actively involved in the speaking lesson. The teacher mostly uses individual and pair work. They rarely use group work which can improve the students’ participation in the lesson. When the students work individually, they cannot practice the language function they have learnt and it means that there is no communication among the students. Based on the description above a new strategy or method to improve the students’ speaking skill is needed to overcome the above problems. The researcher tried to use a cooperative learning which can encourage the students to speak English. It can engage the students into the intergroup relationship, the acceptance of mainstream academically handicapped students, the self-esteem, and the liking classmates and feeling liked by classmates Slavin, 1995:51. By using Jigsaw technique and other accompanying actions during the speaking teaching, the teacher can give sufficient opportunities to the students to practice speaking in the classroom. It is a special form of information gap in which each member of a group is given some specific information and the goal is to pool all information to achieve some objectives Brown 2000: 185. The students may enjoy the technique and almost always find it challenging. Moreover, the students’ interaction in the class can be improved and the speaking ability can be improved. The conceptual framework of the study is summarized in a visual illustration below.