field. In planning the actions, the researcher worked together with the English teacher of grade VII A SMP N 1 Moyudan. The aim of the actions is increasing
the students’ speaking ability. The action plan is using Jigsaw to improve students’ speaking ability.
3. Acting and Observing the action
In this process, the researcher carries out the actions which have been planned in the class. The actions will be implemented in some cycles depends on the need
of the research. 4.
Evaluation In this process, the researcher takes note on how the students react to the
actions and some obstacles of implementing the action. 5.
Reflection
In this last stage, the researcher makes some reviews on what happened in the implementation of action process. Moreover, this reflection is done to find out
whether the action is successful or not. If the action was successful, the researcher will continue to implement it. However, if the action is not successful, the
researcher will try to modify the action or find the suitable action so that the condition will be better.
G. Research Validity and Reliability
To get the validity of the data, Anderson et al. 1994 in Burns 1999 state that there five criteria of validity: democratic validity, result outcome validity,
process validity, catalytic validity, and dialogic validity. The researcher used all the criteria of validity
.
1. Democratic validity
It is concerned to the extend in which the research is trully collaborative. The researcher use the democratic validity by asking the seventh-grade English
teacher, the principal, and the class VII A students to work collaborativelly to improve the speaking ability of the students in the teaching learning process.
2. Outcome validity
It is related to the outcome achieved by the researcher. The achievement of the outcome involves not only problem solving but also appearing new questions
in the related research. To get the outcome validity, here the researcher use the result of the study at the first grade students of SMP N 1 Moyudan in a scheme to
make new questions. 3.
Process validity Process validity means the actions that are done in the research are
believable. To get the process validity, the researcher collected the data by doing classroom observations and took some notes during the research. The researcher
notedrecorded anything which happened in the teaching learning process of the seventh grade students at SMP N 1 Moyudan.
4. Dialogic validity
Dialogic validity means that the researcher always having dialogues with the collaborator and the teacher in reviewing what had done in the classroom. In this
research the researcher had dialogues with the collaborator to review the actions so that she could plan better lessons for the next meetings. She also had a dialogue
