Implementing and Evaluating Communication Practice Model

117 In conclusion, the iconic model of the Communication Practice was in form of book fold. There were fifteen topics or units and seven tests in the iconic model. Each unit provided three main activities for students to practice. There were three main activities in the Communication Practice Model which included Let’s Keep in Touch, Let’s Be Open-Minded, and Let’s Practice. The activities were simple and easy since the materials were familiar and related to daily life context. Thus, the Communication Practice Model was so practical because it was easy to bring and practice.

3. Implementing and Evaluating Communication Practice Model

After validation from the experts, the iconic model was implemented. The implementation was for three units. Implementation also belonged to fourth step of ADDIE. The implementation was conducted in four classes or study programs which were X Accounting, X Management, X Automotive, and X Broadcasting. The schedule is presented as follows. Table 4.14 Implementation schedule TOPICS X Accounting X Automotive X Management X Broadcasting Invitations 24 March 2015 25 March 2015 25 March 2015 27 March 2015 Directions 31 March 2015 1April 2015 1 April 2015 10 April 2015 Job Interview 7 April 2015 8 April 2015 8 April 2015 17 April 2015 The researcher implemented three units for each class. Each unit spent one meeting. Students practiced about invitations, directions, and job interview. Interview and conversation were practiced during the implementation of the 118 Communication Practice Model. After implementing, the questionnaires were distributed to gain students’ opinion related to the Communication Practice Model on 21 st of April 2015 as a part of evaluating. The participants for the questionnaire of the practice of the iconic model were forty students from four study programs. The participants should answer twenty items of closed questions and five items of open questions. The closed questions referred to questions 1-20. For closed questions, students should choose five options that were strongly agree SA, agree A, Doubt D, disagree DA, and strongly disagree SDA. Choosing strongly agree SA had point of agreement which was 5. Choosing agree A had 4 points. Choosing doubt D would get 3 as the point of agreement and choosing disagree DA would get 2 as the point of agreement. Besides, choosing strongly disagree SDA would get 1 point. Therefore, the meaning of score criteria can be presented as follows. Table 4.15 Meaning of score criteria Formula Score Range Criteria Mi + 1.5 SDi = 3 + 1.5 x 0.6= 3.9 Mi + 0.5 SDi = 3 + 0.5 x 0.6= 3.3 Mi – 0.5 SDi = 3 – 0.5 x 0.6= 2.7 Mi – 1.5 SDi = 3 – 1.5 x 0.6= 2.1 4 Very HighVery Good 3.4 – 3.9 HighGood 2.8 – 3.3 Fair 2.2 – 2.7 Low . Poor In addition, t he questionnaire result about the students’ perception on the practice of the iconic model of the Communication Practice Model can be presented as follows. 119 Table 4.16 Questionnaire result of iconic model No Statements Central Tendency Interpretatio n N M 1 The topics in the Communication Practice Model are interesting to me. 40 4.60 Very high 2 The instructions in the Communication Practice Model are easy to follow. 40 4.40 Very high 3 The types of activities in the Communication Practice Model are varied enough. 40 4.30 Very high 4 The activities in the Communication Practice Model stimulate my learning. 40 3.90 High 5 The materials in the Communication Practice Model are appropriate enough for students of Vocational High School Grade Ten. 40 4.60 Very high 6 The module of Communication Practice model is well- designed enough. 40 4.50 Very high 7 The module of Communication Practice model is easy to bring. 40 4.75 Very high 8 The module of Communication Practice model is easy to practice. 40 4.40 Very high 9 The module of Communication Practice model is effective to use. 40 4.33 Very high 10 The module of Communication Practice model is interesting enough. 40 4.30 Very high 11 The module of Communication Practice model provides activities that invite me to practice communicating in English. 40 4.65 Very high 12 The module of Communication Practice model provides materials that are supporting to practice communicating in English. 40 4.60 Very high 13 The module of Communication Practice model is effective to facilitate me to practice communicating in English. 40 4.65 Very high 14 The module of Communication Practice model is effective to help me learn to communicate using English fluently. 40 4.35 Very high 15 The module of Communication Practice model is effective to improve my ability to communicate using English fluently. 40 4.40 Very high 16 I have more interaction using English with other students when using Communication Practice Model. 40 3.93 High 17 I have more interaction using English with my teacher when using Communication Practice Model. 40 3.93 High 18 The module of Communication Practice Model allows me to discuss more with other students 40 4.40 Very high 19 The module of Communication Practice Model will improve my performance to communicate in English. 40

4.25 Very high

20 The module of Communication Practice Model allows me to cooperate more with other students. 40 4.63 Very high In conclusion, table 4.16 presents mean of each item. Choosing strongly agree SA had point of agreement which was 5. Choosing agree A had 4 as the point of agreement. Choosing doubt D would get 3 as the point of agreement 120 and choosing disagree DA would get 2 as the point of agreement. Besides, choosing strongly disagree SDA would get 1 point. Thus, table 4.16 shows the mean of each item which started from point 3.93 into 4.75. Thus, it was found out that the average point of the central tendency was 4.39 from the scale 5.0. The average point of the central tendency, 4.39, was found out by counting all of means from each item and then divided by total items. Since the average point of the central tendency was 4.39 , it belonged to range ≥ 4 which meant that Communication Practice Model was very high. Communication Practice Model was indicated as very good so for students of tenth grade in vocational high school. In addition, the students also gave comments and suggestions by answering five questions of open questions. After interpreting, the student s’ opinion can be summarized into five points. Firstly, most students said that the Communication Practice Model was easy to be used and brought. Communication Practice Model was interesting and helpful. It helped students in learning how to communicate. It was also easy to understand because the materials were designed simply. Thus, Communication Practice Model was simple and practical module. Secondly, the Communication Practice Model gave some benefits for students. It gave opportunities for students to practice. It was easy to be understood so students could learn communicating better and faster. It was easy to practice. It helped students interact, discuss and cooperate with other students. Thirdly, most students said that the Communication Practice Model was effective to help them communicating in English because the Communication Practice Model allowed 121 students to practice regularly. Besides, it was so easy to practice. The activities were easy to practice so students could be familiar in communicating. The Communication Practice Model promoted students to have discussion with other students so communication indirectly occurred. Fourthly, most students said that the Communication Practice Model was easy. However, sometimes, they found difficulties when they did not understand about the meaning of sentences or when they found new words or vocabularies. They should open dictionary when they did not know the meaning of the word. Fifthly, the students gave some suggestions to improve the Communication Practice Model. The researcher should add more pictures or photo and use colourful pages. They suggested adding more materials, more topics and interesting activities. The Communication Practice Model should be practiced continually so that students would be familiar to communicate in English. The Communication Practice Model should provide vocabulary so students would be easier to understand difficult words. The researcher should give more explanation to avoid misunderstanding. In conclusion, the participants gave positive responses to the iconic model which was the Communication Practice Model. Students thought that the Communication Practice Model was easy to practice so it could be practiced continually to train students in communicating. The Communication Practice Model was simple and practical module so it would be helpful for students in practicing. Practicing continually would create habit that would enable students to communicate using English fluently. Besides, the Communication Practice Model encouraged students to have discussion and interaction with other students so it 122 would help communication exist. Students’ suggestions on the Communication Practice Model would be used in developing and improving this model in the future. On the other side, the researcher also conducted interview in order to gain more explanation related to the Communication Practice Model. By interviewing, the researcher expected to obtain information that had not been gathered through questionnaire. The participants of the questionnaire were ten students from four study programs. The researcher chose them randomly. The interview was conducted by the researcher in order to gain more information that could not be gathered through distributing questionnaires. The participants were interviewed on 22 nd of April 2015. The interview used open type of questions so the students as the participants could answer and share their opinion freely. From the data that was gathered, the students’ responses and opinion could be interpreted into som e important points. The students’ opinion can be concluded as: a. All students 100 stated that the Communication Practice Model could be applied for students of the vocational high schools in grade ten. There were some reasons why the Communication Practice Model could be used. The first reason was that the Communication Practice Model was not difficult to be understood by tenth grade students of the vocational high schools. The second reason was that the Communication Practice Model was simple and it used easy language. The third reason was the module had content which was more practical and effective because it was understandable. The fourth reason was 123 the content and the topics were suitable for students of the vocational high schools in grade ten. It is supported by students ’ statements: “Yes, it can because it is understandable…eh…easy to learn and the language is not really difficult. ” StudentI3-Appendix 3E “Yes, because the content is more practical, more effective and easy to be understood by students of vocational high school. Yes, grade ten. ” StudentI4- Appendix 3E b. All students 100 felt happy in utilizing the module of the Communication Practice Model. Since it was not really difficult, students could always practice. There were also many pictures, examples and practices that were interesting so they were interested to learn. The content was not confusing and the complicated materials could be simplified in the Communication Practice Model. Besides, the module was simple so it could be brought everywhere. It is supported by students’ statements: “I am satisfied, because there are pictures and explanation” StudentI1- Appendix 3E “I am so happy because the materials that may be very complicated can be simplified in that book. ” StudentI2-Appendix 3E c. Nine students 90 said that the Communication Practice Model was easy and one student 10 said that the module was easy enough. The Communication Practice Model provided many examples and used simple language so it was easy for students. There was also explanation that was clear so students could understand better. The explanation and materials used language that was familiar enough for students. It is supported by students’ statements: 124 “It is easy in learning and it is easy to understood, the language is not really difficult. ” StudentI3-Appendix 3E “Yes, it is because there is instruction or explanation.” StudentI5-Appendix 3E “In my opinion, it is easy enough and students can also more understand…can understand more easily b ecause there are many examples…The languages is also easy to understand. ” StudentI2-Appendix 3E d. All students said that the Communication Practice Model was effective to help them practice communicating. By using the module, students could learn by doing or practicing. Students could try to communicate when they were using the module. Students had chance for asking-answering questions and practicing. The module presented dialogues, conversation, materials and activities that promoted students to practice communicating. Thus, the Communication Practice Model was effective in helping students practice communicating. It is supported by students’ statements: “Yes, it is effective because there are conversations that train us to communicate. ” StudentI4-Appendix 3E “Yes, because it trains students to speak through its materials and activities.” StudentI10-Appendix 3E e. Eight students 80 said that the Communication Practice Model was effective to improve their ability to communicate in English. The Communication Practice Model improved students’ ability to communicate because students were facilitated to practice. The Communication Practice Model provided materials and activities that could invite students to practice communicating and interacting with others students. Dialogues and 125 conversation helped students in practicing. The Communication Practice Model allowed students to keep on practicing. There was a student who became more confident to speak English because the student had been common to practice using the Communication Practice Model. Two 20 students said that the Communication Practice Model was little bit effective because their ability did not improve too much and they had not communicated fluently yet. Their communication had not been fluent yet. It is supported by students’ statements: “Yes, it is effective because there are dialogues in English so it can train English fluency. ” StudentsI5-Appendix 3E “Yes, just little bit because my ability doesn’t improve a lot yet.” StudentsI6- Appendix 3E f. All students 100 stated that the Communication Practice Model gave opportunity to interact with other students. Activities in the module invited students to discuss and cooperate with other students. Many activities should involve other people so interaction with other students could occur. Students also could ask other students if they got difficulties. Besides, many topics involved other students. Thus, the Communication Practice Model let students interact with other students. It is supported by students’ statements: “Yes, because we are practiced to speak with other people.” StudentI4- Appendix 3E “Yes, because there are many activities and topics that force us to communicate with friends. ” StudentI9-Appendix 3E 126 g. Three students 30 did not find any difficulties in using the Communication Practice Model. Seven students 70 said that they found difficulties in vocabulary and pronunciation. Some students said that sometimes they found some new words that they did not know the meaning and they were not familiar with the words. Some students sometimes mispronounced words when practicing. The difficulty was also found when a student should work with another student who did not really understand about English and was difficult to cooperate so the communication was rather difficult to happen. It is supported by students’ statements: “Just a bit…the words that…that are difficult to pronounce, but I know the meaning. ” StudentI1-Appendix 3E “I did not find it.” StudentI3-Appendix 3E h. However, all students 100 thought that the Communication Practice Model was not difficult to be used. Since it was easy to learn and simple, students agreed that it was not difficult to use the module. The Communication Practice English was easy to practice because students could learn easily. The language used was also familiar. Besides, there were clear explanation, instruction and clear example, like conversation. Thus, it was easy to use The Communication Practice Model. It is supported by students’ statements: “In my opinion, it is easy enough because the module is designed simply and easy to understand. ” StudentI2-Appendix 3E “It is not difficult because everything is provided. There is conversation, introducing topic...The language is not difficult. Yes because it is easy. ” StudentI4-Appendix 3E 127 i. Nine students 90 explained that activities in The Communication Practice Model were not difficult to practice. There were many examples of conversation or materials so students did not find difficulties in doing activities of the Communication Practice Model. Besides, they could work together or cooperate with other students. Students could discuss with other students and the teacher when they did not understand. They did not work alone. Moreover, the Communication Practice Model provided explanation in every activity. Thus, activities in the Communication Practice Model were easy to practice. However, a student 10 assumed that the practice was difficult if the teacher did not help and guide students. It is supported by students’ statements: “No...It is not difficult because there is explanation in the book so it is not really difficult. ” StudentI3-Appendix 3E “Eh...little bit...sometimes…eh...if we are not guided in implementing. Yes, the practice is difficult. ” StudentI4-Appendix 3E j. Seven students 70 stated that they were not confused in using the Communication Practice Model. Students could be guided by teacher when they found difficulty. The Communication Practice Model had also clear explanation and provided many examples. The explanation used language that could be understood by students. Thus, students might not be confused in using the Communication Practice Model. Three students 30 said that they were little bit confused when they did not know the meaning of new words or they did not know the explanation well. besides, they felt confused when they got partners who could not cooperate with them. It is supported by students’ statements: 128 “A bit. The practice is not really difficult but the confusion is on a friend or partner who practices with us. ” StudentI1-Appendix 3E “No…because the language is easy to understand and we are guided by the teacher. ” StudentI4-Appendix 3E Dealing with the experts’ validation and students’ responses on the practice of the iconic model, the interview results supported that the Communication Practice Model was very good model so that it could be implemented in vocational high school for tenth grade students. The Communication Practice Model also gave benefits for students which are giving opportunity to practice, encouraging students to have interaction, inviting students to discuss and improving self confidence by practicing continually. The Communication Practice Model provided materials and activities that allowed students to practice. Consequently, students would be common to practice and they might be able to communicate. Therefore, the Communication Practice Model indicated as an acceptable model. In conclusion, the Communication Practice Model was suitable for students of vocational high school in grade ten. The Communication Practice Model was easy because it had clear explanation, instruction and clear examples so students could learn and practice. The activities were also easy to practice and let students interact with other students. Students could practice to communicate with other students since the Communication Practice Model gave opportunity to cooperate and discuss. Students had opportunity to practice English because the activities in the Communication Practice Model promoted students to practice communicating with other students. 129

C. THE DISCUSSIONS OF COMMUNICATION PRACTICE MODEL

The Communication Practice Model was related to the Fluency Development, the Communicative Language Teaching and the Contextual Teaching Learning. Communication was important and should cover speaking, writing, listening and reading. Since communication dealt with the English skills, the Fluency Development was utilized. Besides, the Communicative Language Teaching and the Contextual Teaching Learning were included because they were connected to communication. In summary, the Communication Practice Model covered communicative activities which dealt with speaking, interacting with other people inside and outside the classroom, practicing regularly and using real life situation. The focus was on practicing which could improve students’ ability and students’ confidence to be able to communicate using English. Based on the results of experts’ validation, the Communication Practice Model was considered as very good model so it was acceptable to be implemented. The experts’ validation showed the average point of central tendency that was 4.10 from scale 5.0. It meant that there was no revision so the Communication Practice Model was acceptable. The Communication Practice Model provided models or images or descriptions so students could have prediction of what they were going to learn. The ease of the Communication Practice Model that was applicable to be practiced encouraged students to communicate. Besides, the Communication Practice Model could be practiced