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The diversity of fungi on polluted mangrove ecosystem at Belawan and Jaring Halus, North Sumatra province
Yunasfi
1,
, Pindi Patana
1,
1
Study program of forestry, faculty of agricultural, University of Sumatera Utara, Medan, 20154, Indonesia
Corresponding author: yunasfijamharyahoo.co.id
Abstract
Fungi is one of important microorganism in litter decomposition process of mangrove ecosystem. Several environmental factors such as
salinity, pH, and condition of polluted aquatic environment will influence to the living of fungi. High level of heavy metal will influence ecosystem
sustainability and microorganism activities. Microorganism such as fungi can grow in polluted mangrove ecosystem, but it needs stronger adaptation
process than unpolluted ecosystem. Mangrove ecosystem at Belawan was predicted containing more industrial pollution throughout Deli River, while
Jaring Halus was less. This research was conducted to compare diversity of fungi in both mangrove ecosystem with different level of pollution. Sample
of fungi isolation was mud and water planted with Avicennia marina. Sampling for isolated fungi was randomized at six points of each research
sample. This research measured heavy metals Cu and Pb in mud and water which was the same origin with the six points of isolated fungi. It resulted
that diversity index of fungi in mud 1.45 and water 1.71 at Belawan mangrove ecosystem was less than at Jaring Halus mangrove ecosystem
1.78 in mud and 1.94 water. The level of heavy metal Cu and Pb at growth location of A. marina at mangrove ecosystem of Belawan was higher than
at Jaring Halus. Keywords
Avicennia marina, diversity, fungi, heavy metal, mangrove
1. Introduction
Many mangrove ecosystem at coastal areas currently is halting place for any industrial waste from upstream to downstream. The existence of industrial
waste at this ecosystem can degrade environmental quality. It made vary
organism at mangrove ecosystem weren’t able to survive. Industry without water treatment installation can produce polluted waste containing
hydragyrum Hg, ferrum Fe, mangan Mn, cuprum Cu, plumbum Pb, zinc Zn, chromium Cr, and nikel Ni. One of mangrove vegetation
which has adaptive variation to the polluted environment such as heavy
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