Material and Methods Objectives 1. To share lesson learned and best practices among alumni on bio-

57 to 1,5 x 10 6 cfu colony forming unit per gram plant tissue. The results showed that some isolates of endophytic bacteria are able to promote the plant growth of rice. Table 1. Populations of root endophytic bacteria isolated from upland rice the effect on plant growth and antibiosis activity against Rhizoctonia solani Origin of isolate Variety of rice Population of endophytic bacteria cfugr fresh root Total of isolated bacteria Numbers of isolates with plant growth Numbers of isolates with antibosis on R. solani Lebak Banten Gogo lebak l 1.3 x 10 3 – 6.7 x 10 4 14 2 3 Sukabumi S.Patenggang l 2.6 x 10 3 – 8.7 x 10 5 21 5 3 West Java Batutegi m 2.6 x 10 3 – 1.9 x 10 6 19 6 4 Limboto m 2.9 x 10 4 – 3.0 x 10 6 21 3 3 Wayroten l 2.0 x 10 3 – 8.0 x 10 4 18 2 2 Tawi l 1.1 x 10 4 – 2.3 x 10 5 19 6 7 Cikembar l 1.0 x 10 3 – 2.2 x 10 4 17 3 3 Pringsewu Sirogol l 2.6 x 10 3 – 6.6 x 10 5 28 10 5 Lampung Tambun l 2.3 x 10 4 – 1.3 x 10 6 26 4 3 Cantik l 3.1 x 10 4 – 1.3 x 10 6 23 7 3 Bogor West Java Blora Central Java Padi gogo l S.Bagendit m 1.2 x 10 4 – 2.4 x 10 6 3.4 x 10 3 –1.8 x 10 4 23 12 7 1 7 - l local variety, m modern variety A total of endophytic bacterial isolates which are collected from each variety isolates of endophytic bacteria of rice seedling Antibiosis test assay under in vitro onTSA and PDA medium Endophytic bacteria are able to lessen or prevent the deleterious effects of certain pathogenic organisms caused by fungal and bacterial disease, viral origin and in some instances even damage caused by insects and nematodes. The beneficial effects of bacterial endophytes on their host plant appear to occur through similar mechanisms as described for rhizosphere-associated bacteria. These mechanisms have been reviewed in great detail by Backman and Sikora 2008. The result of antibiosis test showed that some of isolates of bacterial endophytes and fungal endophytes resulted antibiosis activity under in vitro condition.Testing in vitro antagonism of endophytes against fungal pathogens provides a rapid method to pre-select biological control candidates based on antibiosis. Results showed that some bacteria inhibited the growth in vitro of Rhizoctonia solani and Pyricularia grisea. 58 Figure 1. Two Isolate of endophytic bacteria with different antibiosis activity against Pyricularia grisea on PDA and TSA medium, isolate Ci10 A and isolate Si27 B. Research has been conducted on the plant growth-promoting abilities of various microorganisms. Endophytes also promote plant growth by a number of similar mechanisms. These include nitrogen fixation activity, phosphate solubilization activity, indole acetic acid production and the production of a siderophore. Endophytic organisms can also supply essential vitamins to plants Pirttila et al. 2004. Moreover, a number of other beneficial effects on plant growth have been attributed to endophytes and include osmotic adjustment, stomatal regulation, modification of root morphology, enhanced uptake of minerals and alteration of nitrogen accumulation and metabolism Compant et al. 2005. It is believed that certain endophyte bacteria triggera phenomenon known as induced systemic resistance ISR, which is phenotypically similar to systemic- acquired resistance SAR Ryan et al. 2008. Figure 2. Effect of selected endophytic bacteria on plant height of rice var. Batutegi at 21, 28 and 35 days after planting.