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English teachers and English lecturers in sex, educational background, and teaching experiences. The format of the description of the respondents of the post-
design survey was presented in Table 3.1.
Table 3.1. The Description of the Respondents of the Preliminary Field Testing Blank
Group of Participants
Sex Educational
Background Teaching
Experiences in years
M F
D3 S1
S2 5
5-10 10
English Teacher
English Lecturer
These participants became the focus of the study. The sixth grade students of SD Kanisius Kanutan later became the object of the instructional materials
design and the English teachers and lecturers became the subject to evaluate the instructional materials design.
C. Research Instruments
In order to find out whether the proposed instructional materials for the sixth grade students of SD Kanisius Kanutan were acceptable or not, the study
instruments were needed. Instrument of the study is a means that is used to gather the data needed. In this study, the writer used questionnaires and interview.
1. Questionnaire
A questionnaire is an instrument to gather information through the respondents’ written responses to a list of questions. According to Ary 1972:
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175, there are two types of questionnaires; they are structured or close questionnaire and constructed or open questionnaire. Questionnaire has two
forms, namely closed form and open form. In this study, the questionnaires given were closed and open forms. In the closed form, the answer would be written
down so that the respondents just chose one of the options. This was meant to avoid the respondents’ misinterpretation. In the open form the respondents could
write down their opinions freely in order to know the reason of their answers or options. There were two questionnaires used in this study. They were
questionnaire for pre-design survey and post-design survey. The respondents of the questionnaire for pre-design survey consisted of the sixth grade students of SD
Kanisius Kanutan, while for post-design consisted of two English lecturers and three Elementary School English teachers.
2. Interview
Interview is an instrument to gather information needed through question and answer held by the interviewer and interviewee. According to Wallace 1998:
146, there are three kinds of interview, namely structured interview, unstructured interview, and semi-structured interview. Structured interview has a very tight
structure, and in which the questions will probably be read from a carefully prepared interview schedule, similar to a questionnaire but used orally Wallace,
1998: 146. Unstructured interview has some kind of structure but not as tight as structured interviews and it would simply be a conversation Wallace, 1998: 146.
The atmosphere is more relaxed and informal. Semi-structured interview also has the structure. There will almost certainly be a prepared interview schedule, but
most of the questions will probably be open questions Wallace, 1998: 147. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
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According to Ary 2002: 382, one of the most important aspects of the interview is its flexibility. The interviewer has the opportunity to observe the subject and the
total situation in which he or she is responding. Questions can be repeated or their meanings explained in case they are not understood by the participants. The
participant of the interview was the SD Kanisius Kanutan Elementary School English teacher. The purpose of conducting this kind of interview was to obtain
information about the students from the teacher’s point of view. The writer used semi-structured interview in order to create a conducive atmosphere so that the
interviewee could give more detailed responses.
D. Data Gathering Technique
