Literal Translation COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES
KONFERENSI NASIONAL SASTRA, BAHASA BUDAYA KS2B 2016 | 147
associates Gardner, 1985; Gardner Lambert, 1972; Gardner MacIntyre, 1991 1993; Gardner Tremblay, 1994. Those research got findings about motivation influences the
second language acquisition.
The existence of motivation influenced learning English skills. There were four skills to complete communication such as Writing, Speaking, Listening, and Reading.
Besides that, there were also the elements of English given in classroom like grammar, vocabulary, spelling and pronunciation. Those elements were supposed to support the
mastery and the development of the four skills above. All these language skills and elements are related to each other.
A solid view of first language acquisition focused on the role of the linguistic environment in interaction with the child’s innate capacities in determining language
development. The interactionist’ position was that language developed as a result of the complex interplay between the uniquely human characteristics of the child and the
environment in which the child developed. Interactionists attributed considerably more importance to the environment than the innatist did. For example, unlike the innatists,
most interactionists claimed that language which was the level of junior modified to suit the case.
The research could not indicate precisely how motivation was related to learning. As indicated before, we do not know whether it was the motivation that produced
successful learning that enhanced the motivation in learning, or whether both were affected by other factors. Depending on the learner’s attitudes, learning a second language
could be a source of enrichment or a source of resentment. One factor which often affected motivation was the social dynamic or power relationship between the languages.