For example:
English SL Bahasa Indonesia TL
His heart is in the right place. ‘Kepunyaannya hati adalah dalam
itu benar tempat’. Each word in the sentence is translated singly.
d. Meaning Based Translation
Meaning based translation makes every effort to communicate the meaning of the source language text in the natural forms of the target language
Larson1984:15. Such translation also called idiomatic translation. For
example: English SL
Bahasa Indonesia TL Be
my guest.
‘Silahkan’. Meaning based translation reproduces the message of the original but
tends to distort nuances of meaning by preferring idioms where these do not exist in the original like the example above be my guest translated becomes silahkan.
This translated emphasizes for meaning with ignore the form of source language.
e. Form Based Translation
Form based translation attempt to follow the form of the source language and it is also known as literal translation Larson1984:15. The translator usually
adjust the word order and grammar enough to use acceptable sentence structure in the target language, just to avoid wrong meanings, but the unnaturalness still
remains.
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For example:
English SL Bahasa Indonesia TL
Be my
guest. ‘Jadilah tamu saya’.
f. Faithful Translation
A faithful translation attempts to reproduce the precise contextual meaning of the original within the constraints of the TL grammatical structures Newmark
1988:45. It transfers cultural words and preserves the degree of grammatical and lexical abnormality in the translation. It attempts to be completely faithful to the
intentions and the text realization of the SL writer. For
example: English SL
Bahasa Indonesia TL Ben is too well aware
‘Ben menyadari terlalu baik that he is naughty.
bahwa ia nakal’. This translation is look likes a translation of foreign student who is
studying Indonesian. The meaning of this translation is faith with SL but strange in TL. It is better if translated ‘Ben sangat sadar bahwa ia nakal’.
g. Semantic Translation
Semantic translation differs from faithful translation only in as far as it must take more account of the aesthetic value that is the beautiful and natural
sound of the SL text, compromising on meaning where appropriate so that no assonance, word play or repetition jars in the finished version Newmark
1988:46. Further, it may translate less important cultural words by culturally
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neutral third or functional terms but no by cultural equivalents and it may make other small concessions to the readership. The distinction between faithful and
semantic translation is that the first is uncompromising and dogmatic, while the second is more flexible and allows for the translator’s intuitive empathy with the
original. For
example: English SL
Bahasa Indonesia TL He is a book-worm. ‘Dia adalah seseorang yang suka sekali membaca’.
This translation is easy to understand though no culture equivalent but using the same idiom in TL.
h. Adaptation
