4.2 Shifts from Morpheme to Phrase
Shifts from morpheme to phrase means the changes from morpheme in ST to phrase in TT in terms of form in which the meaning is still correspondent.
Shifts from morpheme to phrase occurred in suffix –less, suffix –ly, suffix -s, suffix –est, suffix –ing and suffix –able.
a. Suffix –ly
Suffix –ly is a bound morpheme added to adjective to form an adverb and adjective; having the qualities of, regular occurrence, in the manner of the
adjective.
1. ST {BL}
: Instantly, he was ashamed of himself …
[pg117:ln15]
TT {GD}
: Seketika itu juga, dia malu pada dirinya
sendiri... [pg137:ln15]
The word instantly is an adverb which is derived from adjective instant + suffix –ly to show that the word is an adverb. Instant is translated into TT to
become seketika and with attachment of suffix –ly it is translated to become seketika itu juga. In another word the translation of suffix –ly is regular
occurrence by using adverb phrase seketika itu juga.
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2. ST {BL}
: …she said sweetly. [pg307:ln18]
TT {GD} : ...ujarnya dengan suara manis. [pg369:ln8]
The word
sweetly is an adverb which is derived from adjective sweet + suffix –ly to show that the word is an adverb. Sweet is translated into TT to
become manis and with attachment of suffix –ly it is translated to become dengan suara manis. In another word the translation of suffix –ly is the manner of
adjective by using adverb phrase dengan suara manis.
b. Suffix –less
Suffix –less is a bound morpheme added to noun to form an adjective and it is translated to state the meaning “without”.
1. ST {BL}
: …staring unseeingly out of the dusty office window at the timeless minarets of Istanbul.
[pg17:ln3]
TT {GD} : ...memandang hampa ke luar jendela kantor
yang berdebu menatap menara-menara Istambul yang seperti tak tersentuh waktu.
[pg13:ln5]
The word timeless is an adjective which is derived from noun time + suffix –less to show that the word is an adjective. Time is translated into TT to become
waktu and with attachment of suffix –less it is translated to become tak tersentuh
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waktu. In another word the translation of suffix –less is to state the meaning without by using adjective phrase tak tersentuh waktu.
2. ST {BL}
: …with a careless gesture… [pg37:ln6] TT {GD}
: ...dengan sikap acuh tak acuh ... [pg38:ln6]
The word careless is an adjective which is derived from noun care + suffix –less to show that the word is an adjective. Care is translated into TT to
become acuh and with attachment of suffix –less it is translated to become acuh tak acuh. In another word the translation of suffix –less is to state the meaning
without by using adjective phrase acuh tak acuh.
c. Suffix –s
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