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in which, for the ‘audio’ column:
words in bold
: words from the ST and TT WORDS IN UPPERCASE LETTERS
: words for the TT underlined words
: words from the ST or for the TT which are readsaid wrong
italicized words : words which are readsaid unclearly
for the ‘stage code’ column: A11
: The first datum for the subject’s analysis stage of no. 1 A12
: The second datum for the subject’s analysis stage of no. 1, and so on S11
: The first datum for the subject’s synthesis stage of no. 1 S12
: The second datum for the subject’s synthesis stage of no. 1, and so on R11
: The first datum for the subject’s revision stage of no. 1 R12
: The second datum for the subject’s revision stage of no. 1, and so on
3. Population and Sample
The population of this study was all data related to the problem-solving in the translation process taken from the written transcripts of the recordings, the
ST used in the experiments, and the TT produced by the subjects. The sample to answer the first and second problems of this study was obtained from the
population by employing the purposive sampling method. Therefore, this study only elaborated subjects’ problem-solving processes of similar problems.
4. Data Analysis
After finishing conducting the data collection, the data analysis was arranged. The written transcripts of the recordings were analyzed in order to 1
conscientiously observe the translation problems which are encountered when the subjects translate the literary text and 2 thoroughly explore the process of giving
the solutions to the translation problems that are encountered when the subjects
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translate the literary text. Additionally, the TAP and SRM complemented each other to provide the detailed reports of the translation process.
The followings were the significant information regarding the above arrangement of the data analysis. First, when the subjects stopped talking that
made what they were thinking about could not be recognized, the researcher was able to interpret it by looking at the log files from the screen recording process.
Second, when there was no or very little information about the subjects’ thoughts during the stages, i.e. analysis, synthesis, and revision, and the pauses, i.e. the
subjects stopped typing and searching, which were seen from the computer screen recorded by the software, the data from the TAP would fill the gap.
The problem indicators proposed by Krings were used under study to observe the translation problems that each subject encountered. After that, the
translation problems for each number of the text were classified according to PACTE group’s categorization of translation problems as follows.
The Problems in Translating Number 2
S u
b je
ct s
Linguistic Problems
Textual Problems
Extralinguistic Problems
Problems of Intentionality
Problems Relating to the
Translation Brief andor the TT
Reader S1
settled A27- A212, and
A243-A244 -
- -
-
S2 dusty A26,
S23, A214, S26, A219-
A220, S27, S213, and
S215
- -
- -
settled A215 deaf A249-
A261 and S224-S233
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The codes in brackets for each problem were the codes of particular segments in the transcripts as the things indicating that the subjects encountered particular
problems in the translation process. For the literary text, the S1
’
s codes referred to the transcript LTI, while the S2
’
s codes referred to LTII. After identifying the translation problems, this study explored the subjects
’
problem-solving processes by examining their ways to solve each problem as follows.
Time Second
Code Activity
15 A556
She is searching for the meaning of “hurry” in an offline bilingual dictionary Kamus2.
She gets eight equivalents kegopohan, buru- buru, tergesa-gesa, menyegerakan,
mempercepat, melakukan dengan terburu, menyuruh melakukan dengan cepat, and
bergegas -gegas.
4 A558
4-second unfilled pause 5
S521 She is typing “ter” and then deleting it because
she is forgetting the equivalents from Kamus2. 1
A559 1-second unfilled pause
12 A560
She is moving to Kamus2 and re-reading the equivalent translation of “hurry”.
2 A562
2-second unfilled pause 3
S522 She is typing “terburu- buru.”
3 A563
3-second unfilled pause 4
S523 She is typing “m”, but then deleting it and
continuing typing “bersembunyi”.
The codes for each activity were also the codes of particular segments in the transcripts.
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CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
