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Place”, was written by Ernest Hemingway. It was cited from the book entitled The Complete Short Stories of Ernest Hemingway published by Simon and Schuster
Inc. in 1987.
b. Genetive Data
The genetive data were the transcripts of the recordings and the translated text obtained from the translators themselves. In this case, the translators were the
subjects in the experiments. The subjects of this study were an English Letters student of semester 7 from Sanata Dharma University and an English Education
student of semester 7 from Yogyakarta State University in which they had different Grade Point Averages GPAs. The first subject S1’s GPA was above
the average, while the second subject S2’s was about the average which affirmed that both subjects had different academic backgrounds. The subjects were
assigned to translate one text as the ST, i.e. the literary text. Each of them had some experience of translating literary texts. The translated text, i.e. the TT, was
used as the data to scrutinize the translation problems found in the translation product.
2. Data Collection
The seventh semester English Letters student from Sanata Dharma University and the seventh semester English Education student from Yogyakarta
State University who had taken the translation course class were chosen to be the subjects of the research in order to elicit the data for scrutinizing the translation
process. In doing so, this study applied a mixed-method, i.e. the TAP integrated
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with the SRM. Furthermore, it was done by conducting the systematic data collection.
The data collection system was arranged as follows. Firstly, the researcher installed the software called Blueberry BB Flashback Express
Recorder on the computer used in the experiments in which it recorded all subjects’ verbalizations with its sound recorder, all activities the subjects were
doing with its webcam recorder, and all changes on the computer screen with its screen recorder. Secondly, the researcher explained the experiment procedures
and verified that each subject clearly understood what she had to do before undertaking the translation task. Thirdly, each subject was asked to translate the
text on a computer and, at the same time, to verbalize whatever came to her mind. Fourthly, during the experiments, the researcher silently sat quite far from the
subjects in order to eliminate any interaction between the subject and the researcher so that the subjects’ translation process would not be disturbed. Last
but not least, all of the things verbalized by the subjects and all of the changes on the computer screen were transcribed.
The followings were some essential notes in relation to the above data collection system. First, BB Flashback Express Recorder worked on the
computer’s background so that it did not disturb the subjects’ concentration in that they did not see the software icon on the screen. In addition, there were also two
electronic dictionaries installed on the computer, i.e. Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary Third Edition CALD3 and Kamus 2.04 Kamus2, which
the subjects could use. Second, there were ten numbers for the literary text. Each
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number consisted of one, two, three, or four sentences. Thirdly, the researcher sometimes reminded the subjects to keep talking when they had stopped talking
for a long time. This was done to enhance the verbalization data. Last but not least, after the experiments, the results of the recording processes, as an example,
were transcribed as follows.
Time Second
Audio Video
Stage Code
Computer Screen Webcam
1 Oh I see
A11 1
Still looking at the screen
A12 9
It was late and every one had left the café except an
old man who sat in the shadow the leaves of the
tree made against the electric light.
A13
3 Still looking
at the screen A14
1
It was late
A15 8
It
Opening CALD3 A16
Searching for the meaning of “it”
CALD3 shows it: pronoun – as subject or
object the thing, animal or situation which has
already been mentioned
1 Going back to the
worksheet A17
4 SUDAH TERLAMBAT
Typing “Sudah terlambat”
S11 6
Still looking at the screen
A18 4
It was late Deleting “Sudah
terlambat” S12
11 HARI SUDAH LARUT
DAN SETIAP ORANG TELAH
MENINGGALKAN Typing “Hari sudah
larut dan setiap orang telah meninggalkan”
S13
--- Some parts of this transcript are cut. ---
2
Moving to number 1 R11
12
It was late and every one had left the café except an
old man who sat in the shadow… in the shadow
the leaves of the tree made against the electric light.
R12
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in which, for the ‘audio’ column:
words in bold
: words from the ST and TT WORDS IN UPPERCASE LETTERS
: words for the TT underlined words
: words from the ST or for the TT which are readsaid wrong
italicized words : words which are readsaid unclearly
for the ‘stage code’ column: A11
: The first datum for the subject’s analysis stage of no. 1 A12
: The second datum for the subject’s analysis stage of no. 1, and so on S11
: The first datum for the subject’s synthesis stage of no. 1 S12
: The second datum for the subject’s synthesis stage of no. 1, and so on R11
: The first datum for the subject’s revision stage of no. 1 R12
: The second datum for the subject’s revision stage of no. 1, and so on
3. Population and Sample
