One that distinguishes CA from other appoaches that focused language use or function, one of them is speech act, is that CA used naturally occuring data in its analysis.
Second, langauage is action, and realized in utterances, it is necessary to scrutinize the action through the turn-taking and adjacency pairs in Toba Batak
conversation, so that the interaction among speakers and listeners can be accounted, and the interaction structure of Toba Batak conversation can be explained.
Third, based on the language view, it is crucial to examine the lingustic propeties like grammatical, intonation, and semantic completion point in the TB
conversation, because these properties can relate language with interaction in the domain of transation relevance place TRP.
Fourth, cultural factors in terms of ritual constraints play an important role in social interaction, so influencing the structure of conversation interactionally,
especially the adjacency pairs, and in terms of system constraints which are not cultural bound.
1.2 Research Problems
As the research focuses on conversation analysis of TBL, two of the four basic assumptions on conversation are the point of departure to discuss what problems
emerge in conversation Furo, 2001: 27. The first problem deals with the structure of conversation, as the first assumption is that conversation is structurally organized, so
there can be found structural approach, adjacency pairs. The second problem deals with the turn-taking system, as the second assumption is that conversation is locally
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managed. If it is locally managed, it is done turn-by-turn analysis which is realized in constructing turn construction units, turn distribution components and turn-taking
organization such as, silence, overlapping talk and repair. Turn Construction Units TCUs are linguistic units like sentences, clauses, words, etc, in which at their end
there are linguistic completion points which ifluence interaction as at these ends it is possible a transition from one speaker to another occurs. If this occurs, rules of turn
taking follows, and such other turn organizations can occur. Are all these problems applicable in TB conversation?
Based on the previous decription and the question above, the problems of research in this study are formulated on three questions as the following.
1. What are the interaction structures Adjacency Pairs in TB conversation?
2. How are the ends of turn in TB conversation grammatically, intonationally,
and semantically projected? 3.
How does the turn-taking of TB conversation operate?
1.3 The Objectives of the Study
This study examines the interaction structures of the TB conversation and the linguistic structures involved in TRP. When the interaction structures are analyzed in
terms of conversation analysis, the most basic unit of the interaction is adjacency pair, the other unit is turn-taking. When language is used in interaction, linguistic
properties such as grammatical, intonational, and semantic are related to show grammatical, intonational, and semantic completion point to see the point of speaker
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changes or transtion relevance places. Thus, the objectives of this study are to describe the applicability of adjacency pairs, turn-taking Sacks, Schegloff and Jefferson 1974,
and the applicability of completion points grammatical, intonational, and semantic as in the TB conversations . Specifically, the objectives are :
1 to examine the structures of adjacency pairs in TB conversations.
2 to examine how the end of turn, grammatically, intonationnally, and
semantically are projected. 3
to discuss how the turn-taking of TB conversations operates.
1.4 The Significance of Research
