Simpulan Saran SIMPULAN DAN SARAN

BAB V SIMPULAN DAN SARAN

5.1. Simpulan

Berdasarkan hasil dan pembahasan penelitian tentang pemberian jus buah pepaya pada tikus yang hiperkolesterolemik, dapat disimpulkan beberapa hal seperti yang tercantum di bawah ini: 1. Jus buah pepaya 2,6 gramekorhari selama 2 minggu dapat menurunkan jumlah sel busa dan menurunkan ketebalan dinding aorta abdominalis tikus wistar jantan yang hiperkolesterolemik. 2. Jus buah pepaya 2,6 gramekorhari selama 4 minggu dapat menurunkan jumlah sel busa dan menurunkan ketebalan dinding aorta abdominalis tikus wistar jantan yang hiperkolesterolemik. 3. Jus buah pepaya 2,6 gramekorhari selama 6 minggu dapat menurunkan jumlah sel busa dan menurunkan ketebalan dinding aorta abdominalis tikus wistar jantan yang hiperkolesterolemik.

5.2. Saran

Untuk dapat lebih menjelaskan hal-hal lain yang mendukung dan guna aplikasi lanjut nantinya, maka disarankan; a. Dilakukan penelitian tentang pencarian dosis optimum dari jus buah pepaya dalam satu waktu yang samauntuk melihat pengaruhnya dalam menekan efek buruk radikal bebas. Universitas Sumatera Utara b. Perlu dilakukan pengamatan pada beberapa parameter lain seperti; kadar Malonaldehid MDA dan kadar oksigen bebas dalam darah tikus wistar jantan yang hiperkolesterolemik. c. Perlu juga dilakukan penelitian dari semua komponen gizi yang terkandung dalam buah pepaya sehingga dapat lebih dijelaskan lebih detail khasiat buah pepaya terhadap gambaran histopatologis fatty streak tikus wistar jantan yang hiperkolesterolemik. d. Perlu juga dilakukan pengamatan khasiat buah pepaya ini pada bentuk sediaan yang lain, seperti dalam bentuk ekstrak kering ataupun ekstrak etanol agar diketahui perbedaan efektifitasnya dibandingkan dengan sediaan jus atau sari buah pepaya tersebut. 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Dietary glutathione protects rats from diabetic nephropathy. J Nutr,;132:897-900 Wijaya A, 1998. Oksidasi LDL, aterosklerosis dan antioksidan. Orum Diagnosticum; 2:1-11. World Health Organization, WHO World Health Organization Report 2000, Genewa: WHO, 2010. http:www.scribd.comdoc83124818 Chronic Disease incidence figures are there in Indonesia and in the World . Accesed 20 juni 2012. Universitas Sumatera Utara Lampiran 1 : Data Kadar Kolesterol, LDL dan Jumlah Sel Busa Uji normalitas dan homogenitas Data Kadar Kolesterol, LDL dan Jumlah Sel Busa Tests of Normality Kelompok Kolmogorov-Smirnov a Shapiro-Wilk Statistic df Sig. Statistic df Sig. Kolesterol Kontrol Negatif .243 5 .200 .894 5 .377 Kontrol Positif .176 5 .200 .950 5 .738 P1 .173 5 .200 .989 5 .977 P2 .266 5 .200 .896 5 .390 P3 .239 5 .200 .890 5 .355 LDL Kontrol Negatif .180 5 .200 .952 5 .754 Kontrol Positif .197 5 .200 .943 5 .685 P1 .276 5 .200 .933 5 .616 P2 .158 5 .200 .957 5 .788 P3 .162 5 .200 .971 5 .884 Jumlah Sel Busa Kontrol Negatif .243 5 .200 .933 5 .617 Kontrol Positif .164 5 .200 .983 5 .951 P1 .221 5 .200 .915 5 .501 P2 .191 5 .200 .969 5 .872 P3 .221 5 .200 .902 5 .421 . This is a lower bound of the true significance. a. Lilliefors Significance Correction Test of Homogeneity of Variance Levene Statistic df1 df2 Sig. Kolesterol Based on Mean 3.773 4 20 .019 Based on Median 1.616 4 20 .209 Based on Median and with adjusted df 1.616 4 11.073 .238 Based on trimmed mean 3.609 4 20 .023 LDL Based on Mean 1.419 4 20 .264 Based on Median 1.072 4 20 .396 Based on Median and with adjusted df 1.072 4 13.093 .409 Based on trimmed mean 1.374 4 20 .278 Jumlah Sel Busa Based on Mean 2.755 4 20 .057 Based on Median 1.818 4 20 .165 Based on Median and with adjusted df 1.818 4 12.380 .188 Universitas Sumatera Utara Based on trimmed mean 2.706 4 20 .060 Hasil Analisis: Data Kolesterol, LDL dan Jumlah Sel Busa berdistribusi normal, tetapi hanya data LDL dan Jumlah Sel Busa yang homogen variansi datanya, sedangkan data kolesterol tidak homogen variansi datanya. Untuk data LDL dan Jumlah Sel Busa dapat langsung di uji Anova dan jika p0,05 dilanjutkan dengan uji Post Hoc Multiple Comparison - Bonferroni. Sedangkan data kolesterol ditransformasi. Hasil transformasi data kolesterol masih tetap tidak homogen. Maka uji data untuk data kolesterol dilakukan dengan uji Kruskal-Wallis non parametric test. ANOVA Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. LDL Between Groups 7453.440 4 1863.360 144.896 .000 Within Groups 257.200 20 12.860 Total 7710.640 24 Jumlah Sel Busa Between Groups 8989.760 4 2247.440 103.473 .000 Within Groups 434.400 20 21.720 Total 9424.160 24 Multiple Comparisons Bonferroni Dependent Variable I Kelompok J Kelompok Mean Difference I- J Std. Error Sig. 95 Confidence Interval Lower Bound Upper Bound LDL Kontrol Negatif Kontrol Positif -49.20000 2.26804 .000 -56.3520 -42.0480 P1 -38.80000 2.26804 .000 -45.9520 -31.6480 P2 -39.40000 2.26804 .000 -46.5520 -32.2480 P3 -41.20000 2.26804 .000 -48.3520 -34.0480 Kontrol Positif Kontrol Negatif 49.20000 2.26804 .000 42.0480 56.3520 P1 10.40000 2.26804 .002 3.2480 17.5520 P2 9.80000 2.26804 .003 2.6480 16.9520 P3 8.00000 2.26804 .021 .8480 15.1520 Universitas Sumatera Utara P1 Kontrol Negatif 38.80000 2.26804 .000 31.6480 45.9520 Kontrol Positif -10.40000 2.26804 .002 -17.5520 -3.2480 P2 -.60000 2.26804 1.00 -7.7520 6.5520 P3 -2.40000 2.26804 1.00 -9.5520 4.7520 P2 Kontrol Negatif 39.40000 2.26804 .000 32.2480 46.5520 Kontrol Positif -9.80000 2.26804 .003 -16.9520 -2.6480 P1 .60000 2.26804 1.00 -6.5520 7.7520 P3 -1.80000 2.26804 1.00 -8.9520 5.3520 P3 Kontrol Negatif 41.20000 2.26804 .000 34.0480 48.3520 Kontrol Positif -8.00000 2.26804 .021 -15.1520 -.8480 P1 2.40000 2.26804 1.00 -4.7520 9.5520 P2 1.80000 2.26804 1.00 -5.3520 8.9520 Jumlah Sel Busa Kontrol Negatif Kontrol Positif -44.80000 2.94754 .000 -54.0948 -35.5052 P1 1.20000 2.94754 1.00 -8.0948 10.4948 P2 3.20000 2.94754 1.00 -6.0948 12.4948 P3 5.20000 2.94754 .930 -4.0948 14.4948 Kontrol Positif Kontrol Negatif 44.80000 2.94754 .000 35.5052 54.0948 P1 46.00000 2.94754 .000 36.7052 55.2948 P2 48.00000 2.94754 .000 38.7052 57.2948 P3 50.00000 2.94754 .000 40.7052 59.2948 P1 Kontrol Negatif -1.20000 2.94754 1.00 -10.4948 8.0948 Kontrol Positif -46.00000 2.94754 .000 -55.2948 -36.7052 P2 2.00000 2.94754 1.00 -7.2948 11.2948 P3 4.00000 2.94754 1.00 -5.2948 13.2948 P2 Kontrol Negatif -3.20000 2.94754 1.00 -12.4948 6.0948 Universitas Sumatera Utara Kontrol Positif -48.00000 2.94754 .000 -57.2948 -38.7052 P1 -2.00000 2.94754 1.00 -11.2948 7.2948 P3 2.00000 2.94754 1.00 -7.2948 11.2948 P3 Kontrol Negatif -5.20000 2.94754 .930 -14.4948 4.0948 Kontrol Positif -50.00000 2.94754 .000 -59.2948 -40.7052 P1 -4.00000 2.94754 1.00 -13.2948 5.2948 P2 -2.00000 2.94754 1.00 -11.2948 7.2948 . The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level. Universitas Sumatera Utara Data Kolesterol Kruskal-Wallis Test Ranks Kelompok N Mean Rank Kolesterol Kontrol Negatif 5 3.00 Kontrol Positif 5 19.20 P1 5 15.10 P2 5 10.60 P3 5 17.10 Total 25 Test Statistics

a,b