In this research, designing is done after needs analysis. The learning objectives and the topics are composed based on the needs analysis data. Besides, materials
and activiti es are selected based on the students’ needs and facilities. After that,
the first version of the model is designed
c. Developing
The next step is developing the model prototype. This step requires some revisions, feedbacks and suggestions to develop the model prototype. After
getting feedbacks and suggestions, the model prototype is revised. The two steps Analyzing and Designing are used to make the actual product. After all, the actual
product is presented. In this research, expert validation is needed to find suggestions and to develop
the first model. Expert validation is conducted by distributing questionnaires to people who are considered to be expert in language teaching learning. After
gaining data from expert validation, the first model is revised to be main model.
d. Implementing
After developing the model, the next step is implementing. Implementing means to put the design into action. In this part, the model is implemented in the
classroom. The model is distributed to students. The activities and materials presented in the model are applied in the classroom.
In this research, the model is implemented in the classroom. The researcher implements this model to students of vocational high school. In the class, students
practice activities and learn materials in the model. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
e. Evaluating
Evaluating is needed for the revision of the model. There are two evaluations. They are formative evaluation and summative evaluation. According to Dick and
Carey 2009, pp.7-8 the formative evaluation is to facilitate in improving the instructional process and product and the summative evaluation is culminating
evaluation and is not the part of designing the process. Therefore, this research uses formative evaluation in designing. After implementing, the evaluation is used
as suggestion to improve the actual model or product in order to make the model better.
In this research, evaluating is done after implementing. After implementation, the researcher distributes questionnaires to students in order to know their opinion
on the model and to know whether the model needs to be revised. The data gained shows the good result, so the main model or product revision is not necessary.
f. Effective Model
The ADDIEs steps mentioned above will be conducted to create an effective model. Effective means that it will be helpful and it brings good result for students
in their learning. Besides, the model discussed in this research refers to the products which are a three-year syllabus and a sample unit. Therefore, this
research aims to present an effective model which is helpful and useful for students
In conclusion, this research conducts five steps of the ADDIE ’s steps in
designing the model. The first step is analyzing which is to identify students PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
needs and problems. The second step is designing. In this step, the model is planned and designed. The third step is developing. The model is revised based on
the suggestions and feedbacks from experts. The fourth step is implementing. The model is implemented in the classroom with the target users or students as the
participants. The last step is evaluating. It is done if it is necessary to improve and revise the model.
B. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
A Vocational high school as a school which offers special skills to the students related to their interests need a proper syllabus model to follow.
Yulaelawati 2004, p. 123 mentions that a syllabus is a set of lesson plans and assessments arranged systematically and accommodate interrelated components to
achieve the basic competencies as cited in Majid, 2012, p.39. Meanwhile Marsigit 2008, p. 2 mentions that vocational education, sometimes called
Career and Technical Education CTE, has its aim to prepare learners for careers that are based in manual or practical activities, occupation or vacation, hence the
term, in which the learner participates”. Therefore, the model developed in this research will be a set of lessons plans which is closely related to the working
demands. Since 2004 up to now Indonesia has implemented what is called
competence-based learning. Richard and Rogers 2001, p. 141 mention that the competence-based learning focuses on the outcomes of learning. It emphasizes on
what the learners are expected to do rather than on what materials they are expected to learn. This approach is relevant to the needs of vocational students
who should be competent when they work. Therefore this research will implement the concept of competence-based learning in the model.
In designing the model, the writer uses the ADDIE’s steps. The reason is that this instructional design model is flexible enough as an instruction to develop
teaching learning activities. ADDIE refers to analyze, design, develop, implement PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
