1. The young man had brought out a paper 2. A paper was written a list of all the moneys his brother had spent
Meanwhile in data 4-6, the English relative clause is translated into the relative clause in the target language. The Indonesian relative clause ongkos-
ongkos yang telah dikeluarkan selama ini is called defining relative clause. The
subject is identical to the head of the embedding phrase. Putranya kedua menyodorkan sehelai kertas bertuliskan ongkos-ongkos yang telah dikeluarkan
selama ini can be separated into two sentences as follows:
1. Putranya kedua menyodorkan sehelai kertas bertuliskan ongkos-ongkos
2. Ongkos-ongkos telah dikeluarkan selama ini When the first and second simple sentence are combined, ongkos-ongkos
in the second simple sentence is replaced by yang.
4.1.4 Non-restrictive Relative Clause as Subject and Its Translation
Non-restrictive relative clause can be found after the noun to give additional information to the noun and separated by commas. The data below are
the types of non-restrictive relative clause with the relative pronoun who.
SL TL
4-7 The Old Lord, who had been
fat
, was now clean. pg. 73 Tuan Tanah itu, yang dulu bertubuh
gemuk, sekarang kelihatan begitu kurus
pg. 202
SL TL
4-8
The carpenter, who waited for him to choose
, said cunningly
pg. 124
Si tukang kayu, sementara menanti Wang Lung selesai memilih
, mulai memainkan lidahnya dengan cerdik
pg. 357
Data 4-7 and 4-8 show that non-restrictive relative clauses take the position as the subjects in the sentences. The non-restrictive relative clause gives
additional information which is not essential for identification. The relative clause who had been fat
in data 4-7 is non-restrictive relative clause as the subject. The old lord
identity is independent of whether or not the old lord had been fat. In data 4-7, the relative pronoun who within the restrictive relative clause who had
been fat functions as subject. The old lord is the subject of the verb had been. The
clause who had been fat describes the preceding noun the old lord. The relative clause The Old Lord, who had been fat, was now clean can be separated into two
simple sentences as follows: 1. The old lord was now clean
2. The old lord had been fat When the first and the second simple sentence are combined, the old lord as the
subject of the verb had been is replaced by the relative pronoun who. It functions as a subordinator to join two simple sentences. The data above are stated as non-
restrictive relative clause. In the non-restrictive relative clause, the head noun is additional information which is not essential for identification.
Meanwhile, in data 4-8, the relative clause who waited for him to choose is stated as non-restrictive relative clause as the subject. In data 4-8, the relative
pronoun who within the restrictive relative clause who waited for him functions as the subject. The carpenter is the subject of the verb waited. The clause who waited
for him describes the preceding noun the carpenter. The relative clause that takes
the position as the subject can be proven by separating The carpenter, who waited for him to choose, said cunningly
into two simple sentences as follows: 1. The carpenter said cunningly
2. The carpenter waited for him to choose When the first and second simple sentence are combined, the carpenter that is a
subject of the second simple sentence is replaced by relative pronoun who. It functions as subordinator to join two simple sentences.
In data 4-7, the English relative clause is translated into Indonesian relative clause which is the defining relative clause. In data 4-7, the head noun
tuan tanah itu stands in the same relationship to the verb as the subject of the
clause; such a relationship is shown by the verb bertubuh. Tuan tanah itu, yang dulu bertubuh gemuk, sekarang kelihatan begitu kurus
can be separated into two simple sentences as follows:
1. Tuan tanah itu sekarang kelihatan begitu kurus 2. Tuan tanah itu dulu bertubuh gemuk
When the first and second simple sentence are combined, tuan tanah itu as the subject of the second simple sentence is replaced by yang. Yang functions as a
subordinator to combine two simple sentences. Meanwhile, in data 4-8, the English relative clause is not translated into
relative clause in the target language. The English relative clause is translated into Si tukang kayu, sementara menanti Wang Lung selesai memilih, mulai memainkan
lidahnya dengan cerdik. However, the intended meaning in the source language
can be understood in the target language.
4.1.5 Non-restrictive Relative Clause as Object and Its Translation
