Data Gathering RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

likert-scale Brown and Rodgers, 2002: 128. Likert scale is the type of survey where respondents are asked to register their reactions on a 4 3 2 1 scale Brown and Rodgers, 2002: 120. The writer used the mean, the most widely used measure of central tendency. The mean is the sum of all the values in a distribution divided by the number of values. The mean is commonly called the average. The formula is written as follows: = Σ where: = mean Σ = sum of or add up X = values N = number of values The assessment of mean is presented as follows: 0 M 2 : the designed materials were poorly designed 2 M 3 : the designed materials were fairly designed 3 M 4 : the designed materials were good and need crucial revision 4 M 5 : the designed materials were well designed, acceptable and need few revisions After the central tendency of each statement was found, the data would be presented in table 3.3 below: Table 3.3: The Result of Field-Testing Questionnaire No. Respondents Opinion Frequency of Point of Agreement Central Tendency 1 2 3 4 5 N Mean 1. Teachers 2. Lecturers Field-testing questionnaire was provided with questions which the respondents were able to freely answer with their own words. The questions were about comments and suggestions from the respondents of the designed material. The result was summarized and described in sentences. The entire outcome from the questionnaire was employed to revise the designed material to be more effective and practical in the learning English based on MI theory.

F. Research Procedure

This part discusses the procedure of conducting this study. The procedure is adapted from RD cycle and Kemp’s model. The procedure is described as follows: 1. Research and Information Collecting Before designing materials, the writer needed to collect information about students’ characteristics, needs, knowledge background and others supported information. Therefore the writer conducted the observation at school, MI test, questionnaire distribution and interview for research and information collecting. The writer also studied relevant theories which were needed to support in designing integrated English instructional materials based on MI theory for language major of SMA Santa Maria Yogyakarta. 2. Planning Using the result of the data gathering above, the writer started determining the competency standard, basic competence, indicators, and syllabus covering learning topics and subject contents of the designed material.