2. Semantic Strategy
a. Borrowing
Borrowing is a translation strategy which is copying a word from source text ST into target text TT. The reason of using this strategy is
to respect the words from Source Text ST. There are two kinds of this strategy: Transliteration, and Naturalization. Transliteration is keeping the
word from ST into TT in original form, either its sound, or spelling. Meanwhile, Naturalization is adapting the ST’s sound or spelling into the
TT. In this translation, the researcher found 4 data using the transliteration.
Below is the example:
i. Transliteration
Code ST
Code TT
R.S T.S
6STF6 Canned
Pork Luncheon
Meat 6TTF6
Luncheon Daging
Babi 1.6
Transliteration
The word Luncheon is left untranslated in the target text TT. Luncheon means a formal lunch or a formal word for lunch, but the
translator just put that word in the original form, unchanged. As the result, this translation is considered as not readable, because Luncheon
is not transferred. Due to that case, the translation above is considered as not readable by the score 1.6.
b. Synonym
From 30 data, there are 6 data using this strategy. The translator uses the more or less the same meaning to translate the sentence in the
Source Text ST into Target Text TT. One of the examples can be seen in the table below:
Code TT
Code ST
R.S T.S
21STB21 Soy Drink
Chocolate Flavour
21TTB21 Minuman Kedelai
Rasa Coklat
1.1 Synonym
The translation strategy applied in the translation above is Synonym. However, it has the very same meaning and conveys the message
similarly from Source Text ST and Target Text TT. The sentence Soy Drink Chocolate Flavour is translated into Minuman Kedelai Rasa
Coklat. The word Drink has a meaning as a liquid for drinking Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary 1995:355, it is translated
into Minuman in Indonesia. Therefore, this translation is considered as readable.
c. Reduction and Expansion
Reduction means reducing the word from Source Text ST into Target Text TT. Meanwhile, expansion is the opposite of the
reduction. There are 4 data using reduction strategy and 9 data using expansion
strategy:
i. Reduction
Code ST
Code TT
R.S T.S
5STF5 Dark Soya
Sauce 5TTF5
Kecap Hitam
1.1 Reduction
For the translation above, the translator made a reduction for the sentence. The phrase Kecap Hitam is derived from Dark Soya Sauce.
The word Sauce is reduced in order to make the sentence looks short and simple. Sauce is a liquid consisting of various ingredients that is
served and eaten with food to add flavor to it Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary 1995:1043. Literally translated, the sentence in
the TT is transferred into Saus Kedelai Hitam, but it is more familiar if changed into Kecap Hitam instead of Saus Kedelai Hitam to make the
sentence shorten and easy to be understood.
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