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Structural Strategy Theory of Translation Strategy

meaning. The changes of the structure can be plural into singular, adjective phrase, or the whole sentences. For example: SL: Musical instruments can be divided into two basic groups TL: Alat music bisa dibagi menjadi dua kelompok dasar From the example above, the plural word in the Source Language SL into singular in the Target Language TL. “Instruments” plural is changed into “alat” singular. Similarly the word “groups” is translated into “kelompok”, not “kelompok-kelompok”.

b. Semantic Strategies

Semantic strategy is a translation strategies related with the meaning. Those strategies are focusing in the words, phrases, clauses, and sentences. Semantics strategies are divided into 9 strategies. Those are Borrowing, Cultural Equivalent, Descriptive Equivalent, Synonym, Official Translation, Reduction and Expansion, Additional, Omission, and Modulation Suryawinata 2003:70-76.

i. Borrowing

Borrowing is a translation strategy whereby the translators use a word or expression from Source Language in the Target Language. The reason of using this strategy is to show the respect through the words. Another reason is because there is no equivalence in the Target Language. There are two kinds of borrowing strategy. First is Transliteration: keeping the Source Language in its original form, either the sound or spelling. Second is Naturalization: by naturalization, the Source Language word’s sound and spelling are adapted into the Target Language. For example: Source Language Transliteration Naturalization Mall Mall Mall Sandal Sandal Sandal Orangutan Orangutan Orangutan ii. Cultural Equivalent In this strategy, the translators use the cultural word of SL to change the cultural word of Target Language. For example: The Indonesian words ”Jaksa Agung” is translated as “Attorney General ” in English, not “Great Attorney”. iii. Descriptive Equivalent and Componential Analysis This strategy is used because the Source Language SL is related with the cultural of SL. It is expressed through description and function. This strategy is usually placed in the glossary.

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