Repetitive Function Functions of Code-switching

48 The functions of code-switching are also analyzed by the researcher namely the topic switch, the affective function, and the repetitive function. Based on the data, the percentages of the functions are 5 for the topic switch, 16 for affective function, and 79 for repetitive function. The data and analysis are supported by interview data that strengthen the data finding of the function of the use code-switching in the bilingual classroom.

B. Recommendations

1. For English Teachers in Elementary School In elementary school, there are many students who just learn English in the first grade, as stated by the English teacher. Therefore, code-switching could become one of the effective methods for teaching to enhance student s‟ comprehension of the English language. However, the teachers also should also pay attention to the student s‟ level understanding in each class. For the lower grades, the teachers may use code-switching in the class as many as possible. However, for classes which have already good ability in the English language, the teachers may use less code-switching. So the students could get higher accomplishment in learning English. 2. For future researchers This research focuses on the type and function which were used by the English teacher in elementary school. The researcher suggests the future researchers to hold a research which compares the code-switching that is used by the teacher in elementary school and the teacher in junior high school. It could be PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 49 analyzed as the topic since the teachers teach in different level of students in learning English. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 50 REFERENCES Ananta, A., Arifin, N. E., Hasbullah, S. M., Handayani, B. N., Pramono, A. 2015. Demography of Indonesia‟s ethnicity 274. Pasir Panjang: ISEAS Publishing. Appel, R., Muysken, P. 2006. Language contact and bilingualism. Amsterdam: University press. Ary, D., Jacobs, C. K., Sorensen, L. C., Walker, D. A. 2013. Introduction to research in education 9 th ed. Wadsworth: Cengage Learning. Bet, M., Eleanore, H., Caroline, G. 2015. What‟s make a good primary teacher?. New York: Routledge. Bredley, C., Thomas, Y. Eds. 1997. Research method in primary care 31. New York: Radcliffe Medical Press. Cantone, K. F. 2007. Code-switching in bilingual children. Dordrecht: Springer. Creswell, J. W. 2014. Research design: Qualitative, quantitative approaches, and mixed method approaches 4 th ed. London: SAGE publication. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, National Institute of Education. 1996. Resources in education. Retrieved November, 16 th , 2015, from https:books.google.co.idbooks?id=ezvgAAAAMAAJq. Engel, R. J., Russell K. S. 2014. Fundamentals of social works research 2 nd Ed. Los Angeles: SAGE. Gillham, B. 2000. Research interview. New York: Continuum. Grosjean, F. 1982. Life with two languages: An introduction to bilingualism. Massachusetts: Harvard University press. Gulzar, A. M., Asmari, A. R. A. 2014. Code-switching: Awareness amongst teachers and students in Saudi university EFL classroom. Retrieved October, 26 th , from http:www.cscanada.netindex.phphess articleviewFilej.hess.1927024020140602.4437pdf_52015. Guthrie, L. F. 1984. Contrasts in teachers‟ language use in a Chinese–English bilingual classroom. In J. Handscombe, R. A. Orem B. P. Taylor Eds., The question of control. Washington, DC: TESOL. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 51 Hamers, J. F., Blanc, M. 2000. Bilinguality and bilingualism 2 nd Ed. New York: Cambridge University Press. Hughes, C., Shaunessy, E. S., Brice, A. R., Ratliff, M. A., Mchatton, A. P. 2006. Code-switching among bilingual land limited English proficient students: Possible indicators of giftedness. Rerieved March 13 th , 2016, from http:files.eric.ed.govfulltextEJ750758.pdf. Kolb, B. M. 2008. Marketing research for non-profit, community and creative organizations 181. New York: Elsevier. Mattsson, A., Burenhult, N. 1999. Code-switching in second language teaching of French. Working Papers 47, 59-72. McArthur, T. 1998. Concise oxford companion to the English language. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Milk, R. 1982. Language use in bilingual classrooms: Two case studies. Washington, DC: TESOL. Milroy, L., Muysken, P. Eds. 1995. One speaker, two languages: Cross- disciplinary perspectives on code-switching. Melbourne: Press Syndicate of University of Cambridge. ODea, T., Mukherji, P. 2000. Understanding childrens language and literacy. Edinburgh: Nelson Thomes. Poplack, S. 1981. Sometimes I‟ll start a sentence in Spanish y termino en espanol. Retrieved, October, 26 th , 2015, from http:files.eric.ed.gov fulltextED214394.pdf. Rodriguez, J. L. 2004. Self-renewing schools bilingual educationdefining our transitional bilingual program. Retrieved November, 8 th , 2015, from http:www.idra.orgIDRA_NewsletterJanuary_2004_Self_Renewing_ Schools_Bilingual_EducationDefining_Our_Transitional_Bilingual_Pr ogramsthash.McQHlElh.dpuf. Ritchie, T. K. Eds. 2008. Bilingual education in the us 2 nd ed. Norderstedt: GRIN Verlag. Royse, D. 2007. Research method in social work 5 th Ed. San Francisco: Thomson Learning.