4. Compare and contrast diagram
Compare and contrast diagram help students to visualize similarities and differences across main idea. A compare and contrast diagram can be any
diagram, chart, or outlined figure that asks the writer to compare two different topics by finding what they have in common, and what differences they own
Miller, 2011. Tayib 2015 suggests that compare and contrast diagram is widely used to assist students compare and contrast concept according to their
main features or quality. This format can be used to present one main idea with its supporting details along one strand in the diagram which is then
contrasted with the opposing main idea or ideas can be compared and contrasted point by point across main idea. Baxendell, 2003. The examples
of this diagram format are Venn diagram, compare and contrast matrix, comparative and contrastive map, etc.
d. Benefits of graphic organizers for writing
Graphic organizers are very useful in helping the students to finish their writing project. There are some benefits that the students get when using graphic
organizers in the writing process. 1. Graphic organizers help to generate ideas
Graphic organizers can help students brainstorm their ideas. Lancaster 2013 states that it can be used to encourage students to plan and
brainstorm their topic before beginning to write. Lee, Bopry, and Hedberg
2007 explain that the students will have a clear sense of direction when they are writing if they are using graphic organizers in pre-writing stages.
2. Graphic organizers help to organize ideas Kohler 2009 says that graphic organizers are useful for students who
have difficulty organizing information. As Baxendell 2003 says, it is useful because it provide a visual representation of key details and ideas.
3. Graphic organizers promote creativity Kroll and Paziotopoulos 2004 in Sharock 2008 say that graphic
organizer can help students become creative and analytical thinkers. Meanwhile Baxendell 2003 suggest that the success of the students in
learning will be obtained if graphic organizers presented in a creative ways
e. Related Study
There are some research finding related the use of the graphic organizers in the process of writing. Lancaster 2013 conducted a case study to examine the use
of graphic organizers to teach writing. She found that with the implementation of the graphic organizers in her writing class, her students showed growth in their
ability to organize their story and carefully choose words for their writing. Moreover, they got more exited with writing and found that writing is fun and
easy.
Miller 2011 also conducted a research on the implementation of graphic organizers as writing tool. She found that graphic organizers became
metacognitive tools that enabled students to think more about their writing. In addition, students showed better improvement in the organization of their writing.
B. Conceptual Framework
This study begins from the researcher and the English teacher finding on the low writing ability of students at SMP N 5 Wates. Based on the observation in the
field, the researcher finds some writing problems that occur in the students’ writing process and product. Students had difficulty in determining the topic and
generating ideas related to the topic. They also have problem dealing with arranging their ideas into a logical order. The last problem is most of the students
feel that it is difficult to create a text with the correct English sentences. Looking at the problems related to the students’ writing ability, the
researcher is interested in using graphic organizers to improve the students’ writing skills. She expects that graphic organizers will help them to choose the
topic and generate the ideas easily. Moreover, she expects the students will create their writing in the more organize way.
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