and 12STIVb - 12TTIVc are categorized as non-equivalent with the problem of source-language concept not lexicalized in the target language by Baker.
3. The Use of Loan Words in ST
The problem of the use of loan words in ST happens when target language loans words from source language. In other words, some words in source
language are not translated into target language because equivalent words from target language are unlikely to be found. For instance, the English word „sensible‟
has different meaning with the German „sensibel‟ which means „sensitive‟ Baker, 1992:24-25.
The seven sentences which are categorized as non-equivalent with the problem of the use of loan words in ST are data 2STIb - 2TTIb, 4STIIa -
4TTIIa, 7STIId - 7TTIId, 8STIIe - 8TTIIe, 9STIIIa - 9TTIIIa, 11STIVa - 11TTIVa-b and 12STIVb - 12TTIVc. The analysis below are
from data 4STIIa - 4TTIIa. Data 2STIb - 2TTIb, 7STIId - 7TTIId, 8STIIe - 8TTIIe, 9STIIIa - 9TTIIIa, 11STIVa - 11TTIVa-b and
12STIVb - 12TTIVc have the similar cause of problem, therefore they are not put.
Data ST
Data TT
4ST IIa
Bakmi Jawa
terdiri dari
rebusan bakmi dengan kaldu ayam, meski penjual biasanya
juga menjual
menu lain
seperti bakmi goreng atau nasi goreng.
4TT IIa
Bakmi Jawa consists of stewed noodles with chicken broth,
though vendors usually sell other dishes such as fried
noodles or fried rice.
a b
c d
e f
g h
i j
k -
√ -
- -
- -
- -
- √
The TT uses loan words from the ST, Bakmi Jawa, because they do not have the specific words to express Bakmi Jawa. As stated by Baker, a loan word is
functional if it is repeated several times and explained in the very first loan word written 1992:34. After the text is wholly read, it fully complete
s Baker‟s problem of non-equivalence and its strategy about the use of loan word from
source language. The text explains what Bakmi Jawa is in the beginning, then uses the words Bakmi Jawa until the end of it.
Chart 4.3. The Use of Loan Words in ST Percentage
33.3
33.3 33.3
The Use of Loan Words in ST
Culture-specific concepts The SL concept is not lexicalized in the
TL The SL word is semantically complex
The SL and TL make different distinctions in meaning
The TL lacks of superordinate The TL lacks a specific term
Differences in physical or interpersonal perspective
Differences in expressive meaning Differences in form
Differences in frequency and purpose of using specific forms
The use of loan words in ST
The chart shows that data 2STIb - 2TTIb, 4STIIa - 4TTIIa, 7STIId - 7TTIId, 8STIIe - 8TTIIe, 9STIIIa - 9TTIIIa, 11STIVa - 11TTIVa-b
and 12STIVb - 12TTIVc are categorized as non-equivalent with the problem of the use of loan words in ST by Baker.
4. Other Problems
The other problems are found out of the eleven indicators of non-
equivalents by Mona Baker which are symbolized with letters from a to k. The
other problems found are the choice of words, anomaly in the use of words, and sentence structure. The data categorized in these problems are data 4STIIa -
4TTIIa, 5STIIb - 5TTIIb and 6STIIc - 6TTIIc.
Data ST
Data TT
4ST IIa
Bakmi Jawa
terdiri dari
rebusan bakmi dengan kaldu ayam, meski penjual biasanya
juga menjual
menu lain
seperti bakmi goreng atau nasi goreng.
4TT IIa
Bakmi Jawa consists of stewed noodles with chicken broth,
though vendors usually sell other dishes such as fried
noodles or fried rice.
a b
c d
e f
g h
i j
k -
√ -
- -
- -
- -
- √
The TT has the problem of the choice of word. As stated in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia Pusat Bahasa Edisi Keempat, the word kaldu means liquid made by
boiling meat 2008:607. While “broth” means thick soup made by boiling meat
or fish and vegetables in water Oxford Dictionary 8th Edition, 2010:180. In this case, kaldu that is one of the ingredients of Bakmi Jawa is not in the form of thick
liquid. Kaldu is a runny liquid. Therefore, the word “broth” in TT can be best
