translation informativeness than the Catholic one, even though the Catholic was better in translating the Christian text. It meant that background of knowledge,
intelligence, socio-culture and religious became a great factor in translating a text. Fransiska focuses on translation strategies and informativeness of how two
different people with different background translate the same texts. On her analysis of informativeness, she applies Car
roll‟s theory of informativeness. Even though this study also uses Carroll‟s theory to analyse translation informativeness,
it observes different object from Fransiska‟s, that is an article fro a bilingual magazine.
B. Review of Related Theories
1. Theory of Translation
Translation is a translator‟s or translators‟ course of action in replacing a language from a source text into another language of a target text in a specific
socio-cultural context Hatim, 2004:6. In brief, translation is a process of changing a text from source language into target text done by a translator, or
translators and it needs to consider the social and cultural situation of the target people.
As stated by Nida, the new focus in translation is not only in the form of message, but also the response of the receptor 1974:1. In other words, in the
process of translating, the translator must think more about the message conveyed and the response of target text readers while reading the target text.
Catford 1965:1 states that translation is a process of replacing a text from one source language into a target language. It means that translation is a
substituting operation done in two languages, source language and target language, and focused on a text. The translation includes textual material, such as
grammar, lexical items and graphological form 1965:20. In the book, it is added that equivalence between source language and target
language is the vital problem in translation Catford, 1965:21. Translating a text must consider the equivalence between two languages.
2. Translation Equivalence
Catford states that a textual translation is equivalent when source language text is replaced by target language equivalents. Target language equivalents mean
grammar, lexis and graphology 1965:20. A translation is considered as equivalent if the target text has the correct grammar, lexis and graphology which
are understandable by target text readers the way the source text readers do. In Baker‟s book, it is stated that the right and proper equivalence always
depends not only on the translator‟s linguistic methods, but also on the writer of the source text and the procedure of the target text 1992:18. Background of the
source text readers and the target text readers, socio-culture in particular, is a big factor which has to be concerned about.
