ISSN 2086-5953 From the diagram above, there are three
major stakeholders involved in this preservation scheme. This diagram puts government as the
policy maker represented by two large institutions, The Ministry of Forestry and The Ministry of
Marine and Fisheries as the main stakeholders. These two institution should be functioned as a
pioneer who are going to generate the preservation framework along with its implementation from top
to down level and also the invigilation practices. These two institutions are actually responsible for
the current and past destruction of Mangrove ecosystem
because of
previous inconsistent
regulation launched by them. Private sectors are also included in this diagram. This sector must be
encouraged to boost the government regulation in terms of reducing Mangrove land reclamation. Last
but not least, the diagram is also supported by civil society especially the coastal people who are
mandated to keep their mangrove ecosystem and carry on the further preservation.
This diagram is correlated each other. It means that if one element detaches, the preservation
action would be disturbed. Inter-stakeholders in this case describes a knowledge sharing, power sharing,
and solution sharing among related stakeholders to make up global warming mitigation through
Mangrove preservation, which cover a holistic concept that is not only focusing on Mangrove
reforestation but also continuous preservation to keep the Mangrove productive.
2.2 Analysis
2.2.1 Analytic-constructive
Analyze the problems that are related to the current global warming phenomena. Thereafter,
conduct a comprehensive study on Mangrove that has great potential to reduce the negative impact of
global warming. The next step is the study of current policies of coastal area and Mangrove
preservation action, analyzing the weakness of current preservation method to find better solution
for befriending Mangrove ecosystem holistically.
2.2.2 Using
secondary data
from literature study
We used literature study from books, newspaper, internet, articles, and journals.
2.3 Hypothesis
Based on the problems and data that have been obtained, we select and discuss the best
solution for Mangrove reforestation in order to mitigate the global warming with integrated inter-
stakeholders collaboration to be implemented including analyzing the function of each parties
who are involved in the preservation action.
3 RESULT
3.1 The Weakness of Current
Preservation Method
The preservation of Mangrove in Indonesia is not really fruitful. A weak coordination among
related parties can be one of major reason that impedes the preservation. So far, there are two
governmental institutions involved in this action, the Ministry of Forestry and also the Ministry of
Marine and Fisheries. The biggest problem is caused by overlapping tasks between these two
institutions, in one side the Ministry of Forestry is responsible for any reforestation program including
Mangrove reforestation, but on the other hand, coastal area is still under Ministry of Marine
responsibility, so that the current policies seem to be less coordinated. Besides, the participation of
other parties such as private sectors, NGOs, and local community is still perceived low, and need to
be encouraged to form an integrated system which could work altogether and coordinate well to design
a better preservation program.
3.2 Collaboration and Role of Related
Stakeholders in Mangrove Preservation
The collaboration
among related
stakeholders to make some real resolutions is a must to strengthen the preservation action. The tight
collaboration would generate a lot bigger impact in fighting against global warming. The main
stakeholder in this case is Indonesian government which is represented by Ministry of Forestry and
Ministry of Marine and Fisheries. These two institutions must create a strategic and integrated
framework that could connect all the elements from the national level until the regional level to work
together to implement the framework.
Since Mangrove is classified as coastal vegetation, a tight
collaboration between Ministry of Forestry and Ministry of Marine must be well defined so that the
policy dispute or overlapping can be avoided. The policy on rehabilitation has been pioneered by
Ministry of Forestry by the release of new regulation P.03MENHUT-V2004.
The Ministry of Marine also needs to take an important role, since the coastal area is under their
ISSN 2086-5953 responsibility. Besides, the coastal people must be
encouraged to actively participate in preserving the Mangrove. The people must be well nurtured on the
importance of Mangrove to linger their life. Without the support from people, the preservation
action will not be feasible to be done. The NGOs must also be invited to join this collaboration. There
are a lot of NGOs who put attention in coastal area. They will be good to do monitoring and control
towards the preservation, furthermore these NGOs are also good at becoming governments partner in
socializing the preservation framework to the people.
It is needed to underline that what proposed by this paper is a holistic preservation scheme.
Some initial preservation have been done previously by Ministry of Forestry, but this paper
focuses more on the collaboration among related institutions and stakeholders to trigger a lot bigger
impact. This collaboration must be actualized as an integrated policy, which will be followed by all the
related stakeholders and institutions without any overlapping or dispute and this integrated policy
can be assessed together by all the parties involved.
3.3 Strategic Actions in the
