20 The effective speaking will result in the achievements in ceremonial
speaking activities, job training activities, job interviews and the other business matters that require good speaking skill Osborn,
Osborn, Osborn, 2008. The fact that the students have limited chances to develop the speaking skills and limited exposure to
English speakers that can arise the development of speaking development are also presented by Zhang 2009 as cited in Procedia
Social and Behavioural Science 2010. Thus, the teacher or even the educational institution, in this case, is required to prepare the activity
in order to strengthen students‟ speaking competence because if there is only limited practice, they will not develop the competence
as well.
7. Speaking Problems Encountered by EFL Students
EFL students possibly find problems wherever they are to develop the speaking skills. Tuan and Mai 2015 present the
speaking problems faced by EFL students in their speaking class. They propose inhibition, lack of topical knowledge, low or uneven
participation and mother tongue use as the factors affecting one‟s speaking performance. The problem of inhibition is closely related to
the feeling of worry of making mistakes and fearful of criticism. In addition, students are shy of the attention that their speeches attract.
Littlewood 2007 as cited in Tuan and Mai 2015 asserts that a PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
21 foreign language possibly create inhibitions and anxiety. The next
problem is that the student cannot think of anything to say and they have no motivation to do so. River 1968 states that learners have
nothing to express maybe because the teacher had chosen a topic which is not suitable for him or about which he knows very little
Tuan Mai, 2015. Another problem is due to low and uneven participation. There is a problem when one student has very little
talking time while the other tends to dominate the process. The last problem is because of mother tongue, when all learners share the
same mother-tongue, they tend to use it as it is easier for them. In addition, EFL students might find difficulties in presenting
using foreign language confidently. EFL students possibly encounter a source of anxiety that affects students‟ performance. A study
conducted in Indonesia by a group of researchers discover the factors that affect the learners‟ performance in speaking English. According
to Mukminin, Masbirorotni, Noprival, Sutarno, Arif, and Maimunah 2015
, there are factors influencing students‟ English language anxiety. These factors include: 1 low speaking skill due to lack of
vocabulary and grammar, 2 fear of negative response from others, 3 low self-esteem to speak in English, 4 fear of being evaluated
by the teacher and 5 cultural influences to speak English due to more teacher-centred style.
