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CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY
In this chapter, the researcher provides the discussion of the research methods and analysis. This section is presented in several subdivisions. They are
research method, research participant, research setting, research instruments, data gathering technique, data analysis technique, research trustworthiness and
research procedure.
A. Research Method
This research deals with the implementation of Sidang Akademi Academic Preliminary Meeting in Pangudi Luhur Van Lith Senior High School as an
obligatory activity for the students. The school develops the activity as one of the typical activities and establishes it as a fulfilment of the curriculum implemented
in Van Lith Senior High School which is developmental curriculum. This phenomenon, therefore, is worth exploring and studying because every student
there is encouraged to develop and improve the ability to speak in front of public. The case was the activity of public speaking in Pangudi Luhur Van Lith Senior
High School not the students who implemented the activity. Through this activity, the school encourages its students to develop their speaking English skills which
are then interesting to be explored. Moreover, the researcher investigated the case PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
27 by choosing the public speaking activity for the third-grade students as this
activity was implemented in English. Generally, this research is a qualitative study as it enables rich description
and analysis of the phenomena. The type of the research is specifically a case study. Case study research is a qualitative approach in which the researcher
focuses on a bounded system over a period of time, through detailed, in-depth data collection and reports a case description as well as case-based themes
Creswell, 2007. In addition, case study is a suitable format for investigating or exploring the studies of language learning McDonough McDonough, 1997.
According to Creswell 2007, the involvement of multiple sources of information is suggested in order to grab the complete illustration of the phenomenon being
investigated and thus, triangulation takes its role as an important aspect in the qualitative study. The sources of data are in a form of observation, documents and
reports, interview, and audio-visual material. The study was mainly to explore the development of students‟ speaking
confidence through the implementation of the activity. According to Yin 2003, the focus of the study conducted using case study approach is generally to answer
the “how” and “why” aspect of the phenomenon being investigated. The phenomenon here was the contextual condition as it is believed that the condition
is relevant to the phenomenon understudy. In addition, according to Crabtree and Miller 1999, as cited in Baxter and Jack 2008, the advantage of the approach is
it enables the close collaboration between the researcher and participants so that the participants are encouraged to tell their stories in order to complete the data
28 needed for the study. The story revealed by the participant during the process of
investigation was considered important as those factors might reflect the relevant data. Through the stories, the participants are able to describe their views related
to the topic which can reflect to the reality or the situation and it allows the researcher to really understand about the participant‟s action Lather, 1992;
Robottom Hart, 1993 as cited in Baxter Jack, 2008.
B. Research Participant
In this case study, the research participants were the third-year students of Pangudi Luhur Van Lith Senior School Muntilan. Sidang Akademi has been an
obligatory activity for all students in Van Lith. However, for the third-grade students the activity is conducted using English so that the developments of
English skills are really maintained in the implementation of the activity especially the English speaking skill. Thus, the use of English for third grade
students of Van Lith Senior High School is demanded in order to be able to present their materials in Sidang Akademi.
According to Creswell 2007, a case study may involve an individual, several individuals, a program, an event, or an activity. The researcher observed
the Saint Ignatius de Loyola Sidang Akademi group in which the researcher was able to observe students‟ behaviour in the implementation of Sidang Akademi as
the researcher has an opportunity to be one of the facilitators of the activity. This group was the representative of the activity.
29 The researcher conducted Focus Group Discussion FGD as the data from
the observation process could not cover all information that the researcher needed in the study. Every member of the group was chosen by the teacher based on
criteria. The researcher and one teacher in charge of the implementation determined criteria in order to choose the suitable participants for obtaining the
natural data of the implementation. There were three criteria in being a participant of the group discussion. They were: 1 student who was seen as the one who was
capable to reveal the development of speaking confidence through the implementation of the activity so that the student must be a proactive person. 2
The students who improved their speaking confidence through the implementation of the activity. And the last was 3 they who maintained their presentation well
during the implementation. These criteria were necessary as the study demanded the information of the development of speaking confidence as its main focus.
Furthermore, the FGD also allowed the researcher to collect as many points of views from the participants as the representative of the third grade students so that
the data is optimally obtained.
C. Research Setting
The researcher conducted the research during 20152016 academic year in Pangudi Luhur Van Lith Senior High School. The implementation of the activity
for the third grade students is implemented in the first semester as in the second semester they have to deal with the preparation of national examination and
school examination. The process of data gathering was done within 20152016 PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
30 academic of the year in the school in order to gain the complete data before the
students graduate from the school.
D. Research Instruments and Data Gathering Technique
The number of instruments are important as the instruments allow the collection of many source of data or triangulation. In order to gather the data, the
researcher used a number of instruments namely interview protocol, documents and observational protocol. Moreover, many sources of data were beneficial to a
study than a single source because multiple sources lead to a fuller understanding of the phenomena which the researcher was studying Bogdan Biklen, 2003.
In order to gather the data needed, the researcher conducted some approaches in collecting the data such as observation, documents, and interview in
a form of focus group interview or Focused Group Discussion. The data were expected to complete the information about the behaviour of the students during
the implementation of the activity, how the activity was done and implemented and the development of students‟ speaking confidence through the development of
Sidang Akademi. Observation was held for giving the real picture about the development of
speaking confidence through the implementation of Sidang Akademi as a strategy. Moreover, the researcher used the documents of the implementation to
obtain the fundamental reason why such activity is done. The documents which were used were the schedule of the meeting, the guidance books, and the minutes
of the implementation as the information from the minutes of the meeting helped PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
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