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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODLOGY
This chapter explains the methodology of the study. It consists of place and time of the study, population and sample, method of the study, instrument of
the study, procedures of the study, technique of data collection, technique of data analysis, and statistical hypotheses.
A. Place and Time
This study was conducted at SMPN1 Pakuaji. It is located on Jl. KH. Saadullah Km. 01 Pakualam, Tangerang Regency-Banten. SMPN 1 Pakuhaji is a
public school. There are twenty-seven classrooms. In SMPN 1 Pakuaji teaching and learning process divides into two part times, morning and afternoon class.
Most of students at first Grade study in the morning class but two classes study in the afternoon, while all students at second grade and third grade study in the
morning. The focus of this study was second grade junior high school. This research was conducted on August 2014. The writer conducted 6
meetings for each both experimental class and controlled class. The first meeting was used to give the pre-test in five classes, next, second meeting until fifth
meeting used to teach in experimental class and controlled class. The writer used the treatment in the experimental class. The last meeting was used by the writer to
give the post-test. Then, the writer collected all the data and analyzed them.
B. Method of the Study
The study used quantitative research. Furthermore, this study used a quasi- experimental study. Quasi-experimental is an experimental study in which the unit
of the objects are not decide in randomly conditions.
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In the process of the study,
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William R. Saddish, Thomas D. Cook, and Donald T. Campbell, Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Generalized Causal Inference, New York: Houghton Mifflin
Company, p. 12.
the writer taught two classes, one class as a controlled class and the other one as experimental class. In the process of the study the experimental class was taught
through Teams Games Tournaments TGT technique. On the other hand, the
controlled class was taught through the traditional method which the original teacher commonly uses in the teaching and learning process.
The writer gave the pre-test for five classes in the beginning of the study. It conducted to decide which classes became experimental class and controlled
class. After giving pre-test writer decided the experimental class and controlled class, then, gave the treatment in experimental class, and at the end step of the
study writer gave post-test in order to reach a result whether the students in experimental class have significance improvement in understanding narrative text
or not.
C. Population and Sample
The population of this study was the second grade students of SMPN 1 Pakuhaji academic year 2014-2015. The amount of students of the
second grade in this school is 400 students and divided into 10 classes. The sampling strategy to determine the sample used in this research was purposive
cluster sampling. The writer was only allowed to take five classes as the sample of this study. Then, the writer took two classes as the sample based on their last
averages score. Furthermore, the classes which are took the last averages score
divided into experimental and controlled class.
Moreover, the writer took the last scores of 8E and 8H. The writer took that both classes because both classes had close average score. 8E had average
score 32.75 and 8H had average score 32.25. The scores showed that 8E had the highest averages score then 8H, 8E had averages score 32.75 meanwhile 8H had
averages score 32.25. After getting those scores the writer decided that both classes became the experimental and controlled class. 8E became the controlled
class and 8H became the experimental class, 8E taught by using technique that usually the regular English teacher applied in the class and 8H taught by using
special treatment. After giving the treatment in the experimental class, the writer
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