the writer taught two classes, one class as a controlled class and the other one as experimental class. In the process of the study the experimental class was taught
through Teams Games Tournaments TGT technique. On the other hand, the
controlled class was taught through the traditional method which the original teacher commonly uses in the teaching and learning process.
The writer gave the pre-test for five classes in the beginning of the study. It conducted to decide which classes became experimental class and controlled
class. After giving pre-test writer decided the experimental class and controlled class, then, gave the treatment in experimental class, and at the end step of the
study writer gave post-test in order to reach a result whether the students in experimental class have significance improvement in understanding narrative text
or not.
C. Population and Sample
The population of this study was the second grade students of SMPN 1 Pakuhaji academic year 2014-2015. The amount of students of the
second grade in this school is 400 students and divided into 10 classes. The sampling strategy to determine the sample used in this research was purposive
cluster sampling. The writer was only allowed to take five classes as the sample of this study. Then, the writer took two classes as the sample based on their last
averages score. Furthermore, the classes which are took the last averages score
divided into experimental and controlled class.
Moreover, the writer took the last scores of 8E and 8H. The writer took that both classes because both classes had close average score. 8E had average
score 32.75 and 8H had average score 32.25. The scores showed that 8E had the highest averages score then 8H, 8E had averages score 32.75 meanwhile 8H had
averages score 32.25. After getting those scores the writer decided that both classes became the experimental and controlled class. 8E became the controlled
class and 8H became the experimental class, 8E taught by using technique that usually the regular English teacher applied in the class and 8H taught by using
special treatment. After giving the treatment in the experimental class, the writer
distributed the post-test in both classes and hopefully the experimental class got highest score then controlled class.
D. Instrument of the Study
The writer used the test as the instrument of this study. The test was divided into two parts that were pre-test and post-test. The result of pre-test and
post-test became the result of this study. The writer also conducted the observation and the interview. These observation and interview was conducted in
the school before doing the study to get the important relevant information that related to this study.
The test that used in this study was pre-test and post-test. Pre-test distributed in five classes 8D, 8E, 8F, 8G, and 8H class to know the averages
score for each class. The result of the test used to determine the experimental class and controlled class. Meanwhile, post-test distributed to both experimental class
and controlled class after experimental class got the treatment from the writer in the teaching and learning process in the class. The treatment is Teams Games
Tournament TGT. The post-test distributed to know the significance achievement of experimental class in reading narrative text. The questions that
used in this study were multiple choices. Before conducting the pre-test the writer already made 30 multiple choice
questions that consist of the narrative text materials. All the questions had passed the validity and ratability test. Validity of a test is a test in which the test should
measures about what it has to measure and nothing else.
2
In the validity test, the writer used item test validity. Through item test validity excellent and good
remarks are absolutely taken as the questions. The poor remarks revised as the new one became the questions for students. Here are the criteria of the validity
test
3
:
2
J.B. Heaton, Writing English Language Tests, New York: Longman Inc., 1990, p. 159.
3
M. Farkhan, The Class of Language Testing, 2002
