28 switching case that happens in each classification type and determined the
percentage of each code-switching case. In the last step, the researcher summarized all the data and presented the summary in a report format.
The researcher also employed Holmes’s theory 2001 on reasons for code-switching and Ellis’s theory 1997 of input to observe whether the code-
switching cases in the target magazines hinder or facilitate English learning.
F. Research Procedure
This section describes the procedure of the research which is organized and completed to obtain a deep comprehension of the phenomenon. There are
eight steps that are conducted in the research.
1. Selecting the Target Magazine
There were three different editions of each magazine used as the subject in this study. Those editions were considered to be the representative of the existing
phenomenon in translated teenage girl magazines in Indonesia. The researcher chose the subject in an order to avoid the repetition of discussion topics.
2. Designing the Observation Form
It is important to formulate the observation form in the very beginning of the research to guide the researcher approaching to the data sources. The
observation form was needed to document the data of code-switching cases from the target magazines. The observation forms were used to list all of the code-
switching cases found in the magazines.
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3. Listing the Code-switching on the Observation Form
After the observation form was designed, the code-switching identification can be conducted. Since most of the borrowed language elements were italicized,
the researcher gained much help in this process from the magazine format. The researcher listed every code-switching case found in the magazines on the
observation forms in the order in which they are found.
4. Analyzing the Type of Code-switching
The data listed on the observation forms was analyzed to identify the code- switching types according to the categories defined in this study.
5. Identifying the Possible Reasons for Code-switching
After analyzing the type of code-switching, the researcher identified the possible reasons for code-switching in the target magazines based on the Holmes’
2001 theory. The researcher’s personal interpretations were also important in this process.
6. Observing the Implication of Code-switching Phenomenon towards English Education
