66 ∑χ
: The sum of the score : The number of participants
Then, the researcher interpreted and presented the data. In interpreting the quality of the materials, the researcher used following criteria:
1.01 – 2.50 : The materials were poorly designed and not acceptable.
The researcher had to change the nature of the design. 2.51
– 3.50 : The materials were good. However, the researcher needed to revise and improve some crucial parts of the design.
3.51 – 4.00 : The materials were well designed and acceptable.
The researcher could keep the nature of the design, revised, and improved few parts of the design.
In presenting the data, the researcher used a table. The researcher provided detail scores of the nine elements in the materials that had been arranged based on the
themes. In the process of organizing and familiarizing, the data from the open-
ended questions WH were transcribed. The researcher listed all feedbacks opinions and suggestions and comments from the practitioner and experts. Then,
the researcher made notes that indicate the key ideas of the data. After that, the researcher organized them into several units by questions. In the process of coding
and reducing, the researcher identified the concept of the units and labeled them. Then, the researcher identified the similarities and differences among them. After
that, the researcher arranged all units that had the same labels and developed the categories. Last, the researcher linked some of the categories and developed the
themes. In developing the theme, the researcher referred to the nine elements that
67 were evaluated using the scaled questions. In the process of interpreting, the
researcher extracted the meanings, developed generalizations, and provided explanations.
F. Research Procedure
In conducting the research and designing the workbook, the researcher followed following procedure:
1. Research and Information Collecting
a. Conducting literature reviews to find relevant theories that could be the
basis of the writing and designing the workbook. b.
Identifying students’ characteristics through classroom observations on the students and teacher’s activities, an interview with the English
teacher, and questionnaires for student and teacher. 2.
Planning a.
Applying the integrated approach and arranged some activities listening, speaking, reading, and writing tasks into one continuum
framework to
show the
relation between
linguistic forms,
communicative functions, and semantic meanings. b.
Formulating goals, topics, and general purposes based on the result of a library research on the current curriculum, the SLBC of 2006 KTSP,
and the commonly used English textbooks. c.
Determining the total number of unit in the workbook. d.
Specifying learning objectives based on the formulated goals, topics, and general purposes.
68 3.
Materials Development a.
Selecting and organizing the subject contents based on the specified learning objectives.
b. Specifying teaching or learning activities and resources based on the
selected and organized subject contents. c.
Determining the nature of the workbook. d.
Determine the organization of unit applying the TBLT conceptual basis and framework.
e. Determining the forms, type, and themes of the stories.
f. Determining the elements of the stories pots, characters, and settings.
g. Determining the titles of the workbook and the stories.
h. Determining the organization of task applying the TBLT conceptual
basis and framework. i.
Developing the pattern of the task sequence. j.
Determining the type of the teaching or learning resources. k.
Developing supporting materials visual, audio, audio-visual materials, worksheets, song transcripts, evaluation checklists, and an answer key
l. Identifying support services.
4. Materials Validation by Practitioner and Expert
a. Distributing questionnaires to the grade VII English teacher of SMP
Negeri 2 Yogyakarta and lecturers of the English Language Education
Study Program of Sanata Dharma University. b.
Analyzing the result of the questionnaires, scores, feedbacks opinions and suggestions, and comments.
