CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDINGS
A. Data Description
1. The Data of Experiment Class Based on the statistical calculation, the mean score of pre-test is 53.71
with the maximum score was 76 and minimum score was 36 see appendix 1. It can be classified by using Sturgess formula, the interval class is 6 and the length
of interval class is 7. It showed that there are 4 students got score between 71 to 77, 4 students got score between 64 to 70, 7 students got score between 57 to 63, 6
students got score between 50 to 56, 7 students got score between 43 to 49, and 7 students got score between 36 to 42 see appendix 3.
Furthermore, the mean score of post-test is 71.89, with the maximum score is 88 and minimum score is 52 see appendix 1. The interval class is 6 and the
length of interval class is 6, too. It showed that there are 4 students got score between 85 to 91, 7 students got score between 78 to 84, 8 students got score
between 72 to 77, 6 students got score between 65 to 71, 7 students got score between 58 to 64, and 3 students got score between 52 to 57 see appendix 3.
Meanwhile, the calculation showed that the mean of gained score of pre- test and post-test in experiment class is 18.34, with the maximum score is 28 and
minimum score is 4. 2. The Data of Control Class
The result showed that the mean score of pre-test was 55.09 with the maximum score was 76 and minimum score was 20 see appendix 2. The length
of interval class of the data is 10. It can be drawn that 4 students got score between 70 to 79, 9 students got score between 60 to 69, 11 students got score
35
between 50 to 59, 8 students got score between 40 to 49, 2 students got score between 30 to 39, and only 1 student got score between 20 to 29 see appendix 3.
Otherwise, the mean score of post-test was 69.66 with the maximum score was 84 and minimum score was 44 see appendix 2. The length of interval class
is 7. The score can be grouped as 9 students got score between 79 to 85, 8 students got score between 72 to 78, 2 students got score between 65 to 71, 9 students got
score between 58 to 64, 5 students got score between 51 to 57, and the last 2 students got score between 44 to 50 see appendix 3.
Meanwhile, the mean of gained score of pre-test and post-test from control class is 13.6, with the maximum score is 24 and minimum score is 4.
B. The Analysis of The Data and Hypotheses Testing 1. Item Test Analysis
Before giving pre-test to the sample of research, the writer did the item test validity first. The test divided into two times. First, test validity of instrument I for
pre-test items and test validity of instrument II for post-test items. The test validity of instrument I shown that there are 15 items is significant and 15 items is low of
significant with the test reliability is 0.77 high. Meanwhile, the test validity of instrument II shown that there are 13 items is significant and 17 items is low of
significant with the test reliability is 0.52 medium. Then, the writer modified the quality of distractor of the items that low of significant to be the instrument pre-
test and post-test.
2. Analysis of Pre-Test and Post-Test
In calculating the normality and homogeneity of pre-test and post-test, the writer use One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test and Lillifors test.
a. Normality
Before calculating the t-test value to find out the hypothesis of the research, a test of normality and homogeneity are needed to know whether the
data has been normality distributed or not; the data are homogeneous or heterogeneous.
The writer used SPSS Statistic 18 to count the normality of each test. The test would be normal distribution if the result of calculation from SPSS Statistic
18, the number showed less than the result in Kolmogorov-Smirnov table with the number of sample n is 35.
These tests are valued using SPSS Statistic 18. The normality Using One- Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test results can be seen as bellow:
Table 4.1 Normality of Pre-test Using One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test
One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test
KWL Plus
Jigsaw N
35 35
Normal Parameters
a,b
Mean 53.7143
55.0857 Std. Deviation
11.53147 12.12040 Most Extreme
Differences Absolute
.136 .130
Positive .090
.099 Negative
-.136 -.130
Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z .803
.769 Asymp. Sig. 2-tailed
.539 .595
a. Test distribution is Normal. b. Calculated from data.
The normality calculation above used One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test. From the table above, it is shown that the absolute difference D of KWL
Plus Experiment Class data is 0.136. It is much less that absolute difference in Kolmogorov-Smirnov table with the closest Kolmogorov-Smirnov critical points of
35 = 0.224. It means that the pre-test of experiment class data is normal. Meanwhile, the absolute difference of Jigsaw Controlled Class data is 0.130. I is
also much less than D-table with the closest Kolmogorov-Smirnov critical points
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