Factors of Liveliness Student

13 teaching activities that students engage in a variety of learning experiences. In studying this model, students not only learn from the teacher, but also learn from their friends and or from humans resources outside the school. Assessment of learning, rather than being based on learning outcomes are also based on the activities of students Sukmadinata, 2005: 178-179. Active learning instructional strategies include a wide range of activities that share the common element of ―involving students in doing things and thinking about the things they are doing Bonwell Eison 1991. Active learning instructional strategies can be created and used to engage students in: a thinking critically or creatively, b speaking with a partner, in a small group, or with the entire class, c expressing ideas through writing, d exploring personal attitudes and values, e giving and receiving feedback, and f reflecting upon the learning process .It should also be noted that active learning instructional strategies can: a be completed by students either in-class or out-of-class, b be done by students working either as individuals or in group, and c be done either with or without the use of technology tools. Jim Eison, 2010: 1 Based on the above, it can be said that the principle of active learning is learning model that emphasizes the activity and participation of students in the learning process. Therefore, the role of educators in this model does not dominate the learning 14 process, but rather serve to provide convenience facilitators to stimulate students to always be active in terms of physical, mental, emotional, social, and so on. Educators provide opportunities for students to interact with the learning material that is being studied. Educators not deliver learning material, but how to create the conditions for a process of learning to the students so that they can learn the appropriate learning materials intended purpose. In active learning students to be more active, because students serve as the subject of learning in the classroom, which is actively studying the learning material, actively express their opinions, questions and answers, to promote knowledge, problem solver, discussions, and draw conclusions Munir, 2008: 87. Because man is active, the study should provide the opportunity for every students to actively carry out its own activities. Students are given the opportunity to decide what to learn and develop the skills he already owns. Learning material that students should learn, should not always be determined in advance by educators. Learning materials are determined together with the students according to their needs. Then, students will learn actively, because they feel needed.

b. The Characteristics of Active Learning

According to Abu Ahmadi 2004 : 212-213, active learning can be characterized as follows: 15 1 Situation classes challenge students to perform learning activities freely neatly controlled. 2 Teachers do not dominate the conversation but more gives a summary of thinking for students to solve problems. 3 Teachers provide learning resources for students. 4 The student’s varied learning activities. 5 Relationship between student and teachers should reflect the nature of human relationships like parents and children. 6 The situation and conditions of class is not bound by the teachers role as a source of learning and students as passive recipients of information. 7 The existence of the courage of students present its opinions. 8 Through questions or statements idea.

c. The Principles of Active Learning Model

There are several principles of learning that can support the growth of active student learning. The following describes the general principles according to Abu Ahmadi, 2004: 214-216 : 1 Stimulation of learning Messages received students of teachers through information usually in the form of stimulus that should actually communicate the information to be conveyed in the form of verbal, language, visual, auditory and others. 2 Attention and motivation Attention and student motivation would not long survive during the learning process takes place. Therefore it is necessary to arrange for teachers to foster motivation and attention.