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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD
This chapter discusses the research methods. It includes type of the research, setting of the research, subject of the research, research design, data
collection technique, instrument of the research, data analysis technique, procedure of the research, and finally the ways to ensure validity and reliability.
A. Type of the Research
This research study was action research that aimed to improve the writing skill of grade VIII students through project-based learning at SMPN 11 Magelang.
Burns 2010 states that this type of research involves a self-reflective, critical, and systematic approach to explore teaching contexts. This research mainly aimed
to identify a problematic situation or issue that was considered as a crucial concern to be improved systematically.
The research was conducted based on Kemmis and McTaggart model as cited in Burns 2010; 7-9 which consist of four steps; planning, action,
observation, and reflection. The object of the research was students’ writing ability that was improved through the process approach.
B. Setting of the Research 1.
Place
This research was conducted of grade VIII students of SMPN 11
Magelang. The school is located in Jl. Tentara Geni Pelajar, Magelang Utara Kota Magelang. This school has 18 classes consisting of 6 classes used for grade VII, 6
classes for grade VIII and 6 classes for grade IX. Most classes in SMPN 11 Magelang are equipped with various teaching media such as books and LCD.
The research setting was at class of VIII C which has 31 students consisting of 15 male and 16 female students.
2. Time
The research was done on the second semester of 20142015 academic year. It began from 14
th
February to the 29
th
April 2015. The research was conducted by following the school’s calendar and also considering the classroom
teacher’s schedule and syllabus of English lessons which was taught in class VIII C of SMP N 11 Magelang.
Table 2: The Schedule of the Action Research
No. Steps
Month February
April Week
Week 2
3 1
2 3
4 5
1. Observation
2. Planning
3. Pretest
4. Action
Implementation Observation
Reflection
5. Planning for Cycle 2
continued
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