The Roles of the Teacher

a The way a teacher gets students to plan Teachers need to encourage students to plan or think about what they are going to write. The simplest way is to plan the content of their writing and its outline. In this case, there are a lot of ways to get their plan, actually. However, there are two common ways that are usually used in this stage. They are brainstorming and guided tasks. b The way a teacher encourages students to draft, reflect, and revise In this stage students are made to believe that their drafts are not the finished products. They still need to reflect and revise them. It will lead them to collaborative writing. In collaborative writing, they will work side by side with their classmates in order to produces a good writing. They will share any idea that is significant to their writing. Finally, their contribution will create a good finished product. c The way a teacher responds to students’ writing There are several ways to respond students’ writing. The first way a teacher can do is responding to a work-in-progress. It is applied when shehe is talking to a student in a group while the others are still working on their own. The second way is giving reformulation to students. In this way, shehe writes herhis own version of a good writing. It will be significant for them as a comparison with their work. The last way is conducting peer response. It will be really welcome to students because teachers talk to each student

i. Teaching Writing in Junior High School

Brown 2007: 8 says that teaching may be defined as showing or helping someone to learn how to do something, give instructions, guide in the study of something, provide with knowledge, and cause to know or understand. He also adds that teaching is guiding and facilitating learning, enabling the learner to learn, and setting the conditions for learning. As a productive skill, writing must be taught in a comprehensive way, Langan 2008: 13 suggests that writing should be considered as a skill so that it can be learned like other skills such as driving, typing, or cooking. It means that a lot of practices will make a better writing. According to the content standard which is developed by BNSP 2006 the English teaching of Junior High School in Indonesia is aimed at making the students develop several competencies. They are 1 developing students’ oral and written competencies to achieve the informal competence which makes it possible to acces knowledge 2 developing students’ awareness of the importance of English in improving English’s competence at the world’s level, 3 developing students’ understanding on the relationship between cultures and language. In this research, the materials which are given to the students are used based on the standard competence of the School-Based Curriculum based on Standar Isi untuk Satuan Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah 2006: 134. The standard of competence and basic competence of writing for junior high schools in the second semester of the grade VIII is presented below.