Figure 1: Cyclical AR 2010
As it is represe models and the one us
and McTaggart in implementation. For t
of students grade VIII This problem
out. Then, the resear plan occurring durin
implemented it again. the evaluation was condu
AR model based on Kemmis and McTaggart
esented in the schema above, action research posse one used in this study is Kemmis and McTaggar
n Burns, 2010:7. This model had several or the first cycle, the researcher identified the ex
III of SMPN 11 Magelang mainly in the writing m analysis was continued by planning an action
earcher analyzed whether there was problem during the action. Here, she revised the plann
in. As for the reflection, it was carried out in ea conducted in the end of the cycles.
aggart in Burns
h possesses several art model Kemis
ral cycles in its existing problems
ting mastery. tion then carried it
m or unsuccessful anned action and
n each meeting and
E. Data Collection Technique
The data of the research were in the forms of qualitative and quantitative data, the qualitative data were gained by giving description of the situation before
and during the teaching and learning process, while the quantitaive data were taken from the score of students performances. It was then to measure the
students’ improvement in the end of the cycles. The researcher used some data collection techniques as follows:
1. Observation
The researcher observed the teaching and learning process in class VIII C and students’ progress in writing to get information needed in the next action plan
in this research. She used the same observations schedule at regular interval times. The English teacher as the collaborator gave description on the activities done by
the researcher and the students.
2. Interview
Interview could be described as formal and informal discussions in which the researcher aimed at establishing some information or evaluated an outcome.
Interviews have some advantages because the researcher can get richer feedback.
3. Pretest and Post-test
Both tests were done to make comparisons of before and after the implementation of PBL as the effort to improve students’ writing skills in English.
4. Photograph Taking
The camera was used to take pictures and videos during the research in the classroom to see the exact situation when the actions were performed. Those
pictures are pivotal evidences to show visible data which support the reliability and trustworthiness of the research.
F. Instrument of the Research
The instruments used in gaining the data of this research were 1.
Interview Guidelines It was used to measure how successful the action was. The interviews were
done with the English teacher and some students after meeting to keep the discussion on the track. The equipment used in collecting the data is a recorder.
2. Observation Checklist
The observation was done by the collaborator. This was used as a guideline to monitor the implementation of the project-based learning in the
teaching and learning process. 3.
Camera The researcher used a camera to capture important moments happening
during the research. The pictures were able to describe the general sequences of the research.
4. Writing Tests
Writing tests were implemented to examine the students’ achievement and progress. To gain the scores, the researcher made use of an analytic scoring rubric
and the number of written word counting.
