semi-idiom, in which foot is the non-literal element, whereas the word bill is used literally.
c. Literal Idiom
Literal idioms, such as on foot or on the contrary are semantically less complex than the other two, and therefore easier to understand even if one is not
familiar with these expressions. These expressions may be considered idioms because they are either completely invariant or allow only restricted variation
From all the definitions above, it is clear that idiom is a phrase or sentence whose meaning is not predictable, and cannot be deduced from its constituent
words, so that it must be learnt as a whole or unity.
4. Theory of Phrasal Verbs
According to Leech and Svartvik in A Communicative Grammar of English, phrasal verbs are defined as the combination of verb and adverb.
Leech and Svartvik, 1975:263. Quirk and Greenbaum 1973:348 say that the meaning of the combination cannot be predicted from the meanings of the verb
and particle in isolation, for example catch on =”understand”, give in =”surrender”. Phrasal verbs also can take an object. The adverb can either
come before or follow a noun object, for example: a.
they turned on the light or b.
they turned the light on. In some cases phrasal verbs with objects look identical to verbs followed
by a prepositional phrase, for example: PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
a. They ran over the bridge =’crossed the bridge by running’. Verb
+Preposition b.
They ran over the cat =’knocked down and passed over’. Phrasal Verb
5. Theory of Translation Strategy
Translation strategy also can be described as translation techniques, for example Mona Baker uses the term techniques instead of strategies but the
proposes are the same. Technique is a method of doing or performing something whereas strategy is a plan to accomplish a spesific goal.
According to Krings, translation strategies defined as translator’s potentially conscious plans for solving concrete translation problems in the framework of a
concrete translation task Krings, 1986:18. Moreover, according to Venuti 1998:240 as stated in Encyclopedia of
Translation Studies, indicates that translation strategies involve the basic task of choosing the foreign text to be translated and developing a method to translate it.
There are many translation strategies to translate a text. Every translator uses different strategies since people have different understanding of text. This -
research uses Mona Baker’s theory of translation strategies to translate idiomatic expressions. Idioms, can be described as multiword expressions. It may have
distinctive form but the meaning are the same. According to Mona Baker 1992:72 these are some strategies that can be
used to translate idioms PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
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