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92
ACMASS-5921 Social Support, Health Status, and Psychological Well-Being in People With
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Luh Made Karisma Sukmayanti Suarya
a
Putu Winda Yuliantari Gunapriya D
b
Ni Putu Natalya
c
a
Department of Psychology, Medicine Faculty, Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia amsirak_22yahoo.com
b
Department of Psychology, Medicine Faculty, Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia windayuliantarigmail.com
c
Department of Psychology, Medicine Faculty, Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia zeni.natalyagmail.com
Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine the association of health status and social support in
determining the psychological well-being in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Research was carried out in Bali, to men and women with type 2 diabetes mellitus, aged 40-59 years old.
The data obtained through psychological well-being scale with reference to aspects of psychological well-being by Ryff 1969 and social support scale Health status in this study its
mean level of glucose blood. We used multiple regression analysis to asses associations between social support, health status and psychological well-being.
There is no significant association between social support and health status on psychological well-being of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Our result support the recommendation
to control the characteristics of the factors that has not been controlled subjects in this study, and other variables that measure as a mediator variable between social support and health status of
the psychological-wellbeing individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Keyword: social support, health status, and psychological well-being, type 2 diabetes mellitus
1. Introduction
Psychological well-being is a state to be achieved by each individual. A state of psychological, can be done in various ways based on the objectives to be achieved. When individuals put more
emphasis on the achievement of intrinsic needs of the development of personality, the individual can achieve prosperity tend to be long-term Prihartanti, 2004.
In fact, low psychological well-being can be experienced by the individual. One of them is an individual with diabetes mellitus type 2 Diabetes mellitus is one of the diseases due to metabolic
disorders caused by lack of insulin secretion, insulin activity, or as both. The reciprocal relationship between insulin secretion weak and tissue resistance to insulin, can lead to type 2
diabetes mellitus This will result in a disruption of the system of metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, proteins in the body Soehadi, 1996; Taylor, 2012. Diabetes mellitus type 2 as one of the
chronic diseases that have an impact on changes in the patient such as the lack of energy in the body, the demands of changing lifestyles, and the various complications that can arise, can
threaten the patients life to have implications for the patients well-being and social life Koopmanschap, 2002 .
The prevalence of individuals with diabetes mellitus in an urban area of Indonesia based on the
93 results of the Health Research study in 2007 showed the number of 5.7 in individuals aged
over 15 years. While in the province of Bali, according to the head of Bali Provincial Health Office, diabetes mellitus is one of the non-infectious diseases that dominate the number of
patients with diabetes mellitus in 2011 amounted to 4,023 people. Based on these data showed that the prevalence of individuals with diabetes mellitus in Indonesia, especially in Bali is quite
large, so it took a treatment involving paramedics, and other stakeholders, in order to achieve well-being of individuals with diabetes mellitus.
An important goal for individuals with diabetes mellitus is a disease management of both the number and variety of potential complications. Optimimalization of the control of diabetes
mellitus is a medical condition while maintaining blood glucose at an average rate or euglycemia. The success of therapiutic generally in most chronic diseases seen through free of
disease, control of most of the physical symptoms, and overall survival in Prokop et al, 1991; Soehadi, 1996. In fact, many individuals with diabetes mellitus are not getting good blood
glucose control. Even continued in the various forms of diabetes mellitus complications and psychological disorders associated with strong rules for the management of diseases, such as
depression and anxiety Lustman, Griffith, and Clouse in Macrodimitris and Endler, 2001; Delamater, 2006.
The description above shows that the physiological and psychological factors play a role in the achievement of a prosperous condition in individuals with diabetes mellitus, as well as contribute
to the low psychological well-being that can have an impact on the poor management of diabetes mellitus. One of the sources which can contribute to better adjustment and well-being in chronic
illness coping is social support. Social support is the support or information obtained from people close or community of caring and loving each other. One of the social support can be
obtained through family support plays an important role in the adherence of individuals to the management of diabetes mellitus. The presence of warmth, good communication, lack of conflict
in families related to the management of diabetes mellitus obedience better and as a protection from the adverse effects of stress in the management of diabetes mellitus Delamater, 2006;
Taylor, 2012.
2. Content 2.1 Research Methods
The purpose of this study was to examine the association of health status and social support in determining the psychological well-being of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Hypothesis of this study is there is a association between health status and social support on the psychological well-being of individuals with diabetes mellitus type 2. This study was conducted
in Bali the individual men and women with type 2 diabetes mellitus, aged 40 to 59 years. The sampling method conducted by using purposive sampling, and sampling was conducted
from May to July 2014. From the 150 scale distributed, 21.3 of the subjects who responded. The rest, as the scale is not returned, the scale is not completely filled in the data-item self or
statement, and the subject refused to participate. Psychological well-being scale is used based on the aspects of psychological well-being by Ryff
1989 that self-acceptance, positive relations with others, autonomy, environmental mastery, purpose in life, and personal growth. While the Social Support Scale consisting of aspects of
