b. 26 MARCH-1 APRIL 2007TH XXXI NO 13 The editorial staff of ‘HAI’ teenage magazine played a significant role as
the informants of this study. Informants were needed to obtain a vivid description of code-switching in the magazine.
C. Research Instrument
Kountur 2003: 151 explained that instruments of a research played an important role in data collection and analysis. Since this study was qualitative
research, the researcher was considered as the research instrument of this study. It was supported by Merriam 2002: 5 who explained that
A second characteristic of all forms of qualitative research is that the researcher is the primary instrument for data collections and data analysis.
Since understanding is the goal of this research, the human instrument, which is able to be immediately responsive and adaptive, would seem to be
the ideal means of collecting and analyzing data.
D. Data Gathering Techniques
In order to obtain qualified data to support my research, I employed two methods offered by Bungis 2007: 115-124. They were participant observer and
online data search method .
Participant observer was a method used by researchers to obtain data of a research by observation and sensory perception. It required the use of human
senses like eyes, ears, or skin to obtain data. I used this method to get the data of code-switching cases in ‘HAI’ teenage magazine. The implementation of this
method was conducted in three steps. First, the observation form was designed to list the code-switching cases
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which were found in ‘HAI’ teenage magazine. They were accompanied by the page numbers in the magazine. The data of code-switching presented on the
observation would be easier to be analyzed. Second, the identification of the code-switching cases was conducted.
Since English language elements, as the juxtaposed elements of the code- switching in ‘HAI’ teenage magazine, were italicized, I gained much help to
identify the code-switching cases in the target magazines. The process of the identification of the code-switching cases was done by reading and analyzing
carefully the target magazine. Finally, all of the code-switching cases found in ‘HAI’ teenage magazine
were listed on the observation form. They were accompanied by the page numbers in the magazine.
Online data search was a method to get data from the internet. I conducted this method to obtain information from the editorial staff of ‘HAI’ teenage
magazine as the informants of this study. I sent them an e-mail to clarify whether or not they had any purpose of using code-switching in the magazine. The answer
from the informants might help me to identify possible reasons of code-switching in the magazine.
E. Data Analysis Techniques
Data analysis was very important this qualitative study, so appropriate method in analyzing the data was necessary. In order to gain qualified findings, I
followed the organized steps in organizing and analyzing the data of qualitative research which were constructed by Creswell 1998 as cited by Leedy and
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