The last instrument to encourage the notes about what happened in the classroom was the photographs. Photographs were taken by the collaborator during
the teaching and learning process. Students’ activities were captured every meeting to show the evidence of the research and also improvement after doing certain
technique.
F. Data Collection
The data were collected by the researcher step by step. First, the researcher did the observation during the English class and the result was made in the form of
field notes. Observation was necessary for knowing the current condition and the data would be a measurement for the researcher to do the action. In the beginning of the
cycle, when the researcher had not implemented the action, the researcher collected the data in the form of the students’ speaking scores
and there were two score from researcher and the teacher. To complete the data, depth interview with both students
and teacher was taken by the researcher before the action of cycle one, in the reflection and after the action was finished. Here, the interview transcripts were used
to give clear description about the students’ responses, the students’ behaviors, and the collaborator’s responses about the class activities during the actions. In the last
step, post-test, the data gained were the students’ speaking scores which were different from the pre-test. Meanwhile, during the process, the researcher always did
notes in the form of filed notes in every meeting based on the description of anything
happened when the researcher implementing the actions. After all data had been collected, the researcher analyzed them to find the successful and unsuccessful result
of the actions and to make the conclusion of the research.
G. Data Analysis
The data were obtained from the action conducted in the field. Firstly, the researcher collected all the data such as interview transcripts, field notes and
photographs of the teaching and learning processes. The second step was data reduction. In this step, the researcher chose, determined the focus, simplified,
summarized and changed the form of the data that was in the field. The third step was classification in which the researcher classified all the data that had been passed the
data reduction process. Meanwhile, the students’ performance tests were scored by using the speaking
rubric proposed by Purwaningsih 2009 with some modification. The result of the students’ performances was analyzed by using Excel program to find out the mean
and standard deviation of the students’ speaking performance. Then, the researcher determined whether there was any improvement on the students speaking ability or
not based on the mean and standard deviation of the tests. In analyzing the data, the researcher held a discussion with the English teacher as the collaborator. It was used
to see the data from different point of views and to avoid subjectivity in analyzing data and to get trustworthiness.
