Research Design RESEARCH METHOD

used to assess the students’ speaking ability in the pre-test and post-test. In those tests, the rubric focused on four aspects that were fluency, accuracy, vocabulary, and pronunciation. Each aspect was scored 1 to 10 in which every score has different indicator. Another data instrument were field notes that were used to get information related to the teaching and learning process and give a clear description during the actions in the classroom. It was use to record the teaching learning process and problem faced when the action is implemented. The researcher observed what would happen in the classroom when the action plan was conducted. The observer observed the teacher in the class. In this case, the researcher and the collaborator were able to see and take a note of students’ progress in the classroom. The third instruments were in-depth interviews with the English teacher and students. The researcher used interview recording to get the data about teacher’s and students’ opinion before, while and after teaching and learning process. The interview was done after the researcher made an interview guide. It was used as guidance for the researcher in doing the interview. It means that the researcher asked some questions by her but she will give opportunities to the students and the English teacher to say everything related to teaching and learning process of speaking. The researcher interviewed the English teacher and some students of the eleventh grade in SMAN 2 Sleman to know more about teaching and learning process from their point of view. It was done before, while, and after the actions have been implemented. The last instrument to encourage the notes about what happened in the classroom was the photographs. Photographs were taken by the collaborator during the teaching and learning process. Students’ activities were captured every meeting to show the evidence of the research and also improvement after doing certain technique.

F. Data Collection

The data were collected by the researcher step by step. First, the researcher did the observation during the English class and the result was made in the form of field notes. Observation was necessary for knowing the current condition and the data would be a measurement for the researcher to do the action. In the beginning of the cycle, when the researcher had not implemented the action, the researcher collected the data in the form of the students’ speaking scores and there were two score from researcher and the teacher. To complete the data, depth interview with both students and teacher was taken by the researcher before the action of cycle one, in the reflection and after the action was finished. Here, the interview transcripts were used to give clear description about the students’ responses, the students’ behaviors, and the collaborator’s responses about the class activities during the actions. In the last step, post-test, the data gained were the students’ speaking scores which were different from the pre-test. Meanwhile, during the process, the researcher always did notes in the form of filed notes in every meeting based on the description of anything