Strategy in Collecting and Organizing Data

73 about the learning product. The questionnaire could be open ended questions or close ended questions. Cresswell 2012 discusses that on questionnaires, the researcher may ask some questions that are close endend and open ended. The close ended responsed on the questionnaire can be be useful information to support theories and concept in the literature, whereas the open ended responses permit the researcher to explore reasons for the close ended responses p. 220. The researcher used two kinds of questionnaire; close ended questions and open ended questions to get some information. In research and information collecting step, the questionnaires were distributed to nursing students of Poltekkes Yogyakarta to gain information related with students‟ needs, interests, and characteristics. The questionnaires were written in bahasa Indonesia to get accurate data from the respondents. The working concept for need analysis questionnaires can be seen in Appendix 1. In preliminary field testing, the questionnaires were distributed to some experts; English lecturer from UPY, Nursing lecturer who also teach English from Poltekkes Yogyakarta, IT expert from UMY, and IT practitioner from RSUP Dr. Sardjito. The instrument was used to gain opinion and suggestions on the learning model. The English lecturer gave feedback related with English material. The Nursing lecturer gave feedback related with nursing content in the application. The IT experts gave feedback related with the design of the application; the layout, the navigation, and also the operational procedures of the application. The questions were written in English for English lecturer and Nursing lecturer, whereas for the IT experts, the questions were written in bahasa Indonesia to gain 74 the accurate data. The working concept for preliminary field testing can be seen in Appendix 8. In main field testing, the questionnaires contained evaluation and feedback from the nursing students of Poltekkes Yogyakarta after the researcher implemented the learning model. The purposes of distributing the questionnaires were to acquire some reliable feedback for the improvements for the learning model.

2. Interview

In this research, the researcher conducted interview to gain more detail information from the questionnaires. Borg 1983 states that interview permits the researcher to follow-up leads and thus obtain more data and greater clarity. In interview, the data obtained will be deeper than the other method of collecting research data p.436. So, the researcher conducted interview to gain more detail information from the respondents. The interview was conducted in research and information collecting step, preliminary step, and main field testing step. In research and information collecting, the researcher interviewed English lecturer from Poltekkes Yogyakarta and a nursing student of the same Poltekkes. The interview was conducted to gain more detail information which had been obtained from the questionnaire either in close-ended questions or open-ended questions. So, the data neede d was still about students‟ need, students‟characteristics, method in teaching learning process so far, and also about the learning media. The result of the interview in this step can be seen in Appendix 4 and 6. In preliminary field testing, the researcher needed more detail 75 information related with the English materials for speaking and the design of the learning model. So, in this step, the respondents were English lecturer, Nursing lecturer who also teach English, and also IT expert or practitioner. The result of interview with the experts in preliminary field testing can be seen in Appendix 13, 14, and 15. In main field testing step, after conducting implementation of the product, the interview was conducted to three nursing students of Poltekkes Yogyakarta. The purpose of this interview was to gain more detail information obtained from the questionnaire which also been distribured to the 44 nursing students of Poltekkes Yogyakarta. The aim of conducting interview in this step was to explore the students‟s opinion, comments and suggestions about the learning model, AFORN.

E. DATA ANALYSIS

After getting the data from the questionnaires, the data then was analyzed. The result of sharing the questionnaires was analyzed statistically. The first step was recapitulating the data in the form of table and the second step was calculating the data using percentage. The formula for getting the percentage is seen in the following part; Notes : n : The total number of the participants who choose certain answer N : the total number of the participants