52
Figure 2.5 The AFORN
B. REVIEW OF RELATED STUDIES
The researcher has red some other related studies. There were several studies which put Android platform as the main subject. Even though the
development of Android products is mostly for entertainment, business and communication, Android platform can also be developed as a learning media in
English teaching and learning. Moreover, recently Android operating system is very popular in Information and Communication Technology ICT. Most gadget
right now are using Android as the operating system.
53 Parsons and Petrova describe the current phase of a long term project to
create a reusable, configurable mobile learning game. They told the issue related with development of mobile learning m-learning game on Android platform.
They found that there were some problems caused by the wide range of mobile devices that run various versions of the Android operating system. They found
that not all Android devices were able to run the game or application and that some features work more effectively on some devices only.
In Pocatilu 2010, he presented the main steps in development of a distributed mobile learning application for Android. He pointed out that a mobile
learning system consists at least of the following components: mobile learning device, mobile learning software and mobile learning content. The students
actions within an m-learning system are to: take online course, take exercises, send feedback, and send homework, projects. Here in this research, Pocatilu also
discussed the advantages and disadvantages of using Android platform. Further, he mentioned the five steps in the development of distributed mobile learning
applications; project management, analysis, design, implementation, and testing. Web services were also discussed in this research since the web service provides
several Web methods that are used in the mobile application. The findings in this research are there is a variety platforms and technologies to choose from in the
development of mobile applications and that Web services for mobile learning applications help the process of development by providing a standardized way of
communication between mobile clients and servers. Martono and Nurhayati 2014 developed m-learning that can be used as a
flexible learning media. They developed the m-learning as an alternative learning
54 tool for the students. The m-learning was developed to provide resources than can
be analyzed anywhere and anytime. The m-learning is also expected to be modern and interesting way to get and share knowledge in easy way. The use m-learning
was aimed to assist university students or professionals to be able to access materials or information anytime and anywhere. One of the result of this research
showed that most of the students were satisfied of the implementation of m- learning because of its flexibility, simplicity and attractiveness.
The researcher needs to consider the findings of the three researches above that it is important to think about the versions of Android platform which are able
to run the application made by the researcher since there are many versions of Android from lower version to the higher version. Same in Pocatilu 2010, the
researcher uses ADDIE as the instructional design that there are some steps in development of Android application, those are project management, analysis,
design, implementation, and testing. The m-learning that is developed by the researcher has the same goals with Martono and Nurhayati 2014 that the
researcher wants to create an m-learning application because it is flexible to use at anytime and anywhere. So, knowledge or materials for students or professionals
are accessable. Some other research which has the same topic with this research is
conducted by other students of English Language Studies of Sanata Dharma University, sponsored by SEAMOLEC Southeast Asian Minister of Education
Regional Open Learning Center. Martanti 2015 build an application for Senior High School. The application is designed for listening comprehension. The
application named FLAP Fun Listening Android Application consists of